摘要
设施农业是利用工程化技术,使动植物在人为控制的环境条件下实现高效生产的一种生产方式,涵盖设施种植、设施养殖、设施园艺等,而发展设施种植更是提高农民收入和大力发展农村经济的有效方式。虽然我国各地已经有多样化的设施种植温室、相应的管理方式以及机械设备,但是整体的机械化率依然不高,而努力提升设施种植机械化水平是实现设施种植高质量、高水平发展的重要支撑。从“耕、种、管、收”4个阶段出发,分别对耕整地机械、育苗移栽机械、田间管理机械、收获机械进行阐述,并从技术、政策等方面分析了阻碍设施机械发展的因素,提出了促进设施种植机械化发展的建议,为设施机械向多机联合、技术水平高、机构标准化方向发展提供理论支撑。
Facility agriculture is a production mode that uses engineering technology to achieve efficient production of animals and plants under human-controlled environmental conditions,including facility planting,facility breeding,facility gardening,etc.,and the development of facility planting is an effective way to improve farmers'income and vigorously develop rural economy.China has a variety of facilities planting greenhouses and the corresponding management methods and mechanical equipment,but the overall mechanization rate is still not high,and efforts to improve the mechanization level of facility planting is an important support to achieve high-quality,high-level development of facility planting.Starting from the four stages of"ploughing,planting,managing and harvesting",the tillage machinery,seedling raising and transplanting machinery,field management machinery and harvesting machinery were described,the factors hindering the development of facility machinery were analyzed from the aspects of technology and policy,and suggestions to promote the development of facility planting mechanization were put forward.Theoretical support for the development of facility machinery to the direction of multimachine combination,high technical level and institutional standardization was provided.
作者
程娟
李超
张玉浩
许宁
薛丽
何青海
CHENG Juan;LI Chao;ZHANG Yuhao;XU Ning;XUE Li;HE Qinghai(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China;School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China)
出处
《农业装备与车辆工程》
2024年第1期23-28,共6页
Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering
基金
山东省重点研发计划(软科学)项目“山东省智能农机装备与智慧农业设施产业发展路径研究”(2022RZB06044)
山东乡村振兴实践研究院开放课题“乡村振兴战略背景下现代设施农业发展路径探析”(XCZX2023115)。
关键词
设施种植机械
智能化
自动化
facility planting machinery
intelligent
automation
作者简介
程娟(1980-),女,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向:农业装备信息化技术。E-mail:6048378@qq.com;通信作者:何青海(1986-),男,博士,高级工程师。研究方向:设施农业与智慧节水。E-mail:heqinghai1986@126.com。
