摘要
充足且高质量的黄瓜种子是我国黄瓜产业发展的重要保证,采收时间是影响黄瓜种子质量的重要因素之一。为了分析不同采收时间对黄瓜种子质量的影响,以华北型黄瓜自交系Q12和P60为研究对象,在授粉后不同天数分别采收黄瓜种子并测定种子的千粒质量、发芽能力、幼苗鲜质量指标。结果表明:Q12种子不会发生采前发芽,P60种子在授粉后35 d开始发生采前发芽;Q12和P60种子千粒质量均呈先增加后降低的趋势,千粒质量分别在授粉后38 d和35 d达到最高;不同采收时间收获的种子立即催芽,P60湿种子可快速发芽,Q12种子发芽较慢;湿种子经晾晒干燥后,可显著提高种子的发芽势和发芽率,并且随着瓜龄的增长,种子活力更强,发芽速度快,幼苗鲜质量更高。综合分析结果,建议针对不同黄瓜材料,调查其种子发育趋势和发芽特性,选择适宜的采收时间;对于不易发生采前发芽的黄瓜材料,种子可在授粉38 d以后采收;易发生采前发芽的黄瓜材料,种子应在授粉35 d前及时采收。
Enough and excellent-quality cucumber seeds are significant guarantee for cucumber cultivation in China.Harvesting time is an important factor affecting the quality of cucumber seeds in seed production.In order to analyze the effects of harvesting time on seed quality in cucumber,two North China cucumber inbred lines,Q12 and P60,were selected as the materials to measure the physiological indexes,such as 1000-seed weight,germinating ability and seedling weight of the seeds at different days after pollination(DAP).The results showed that,Q12 seeds did not germinate within their cucumber fruits,however,some of P60 seeds began to germinate within P60 fruits(pre-harvest sprouting,PHS)from 35 DAP;The 1000-seed weights of both Q12 and P60 seeds increased first and then decreased,and reached a maximum of 1000-seed weight at 38 and 35 DAP,respectively;The wet seeds of Q12 and P60 harvested at different harvesting dates were germinated immediately;The P60 wet seeds could germinate rapidly,but wet Q12 seeds germinated even slower;The wet seeds were completely dried in the sun;After dry treatment,the germination potentials and germination rates of the dried seeds were increased significantly;Seeds harvested at the later harvesting dates had an accelerated seed vigor,germinating more rapidly,and their seedlings fresh weight were even higher.The comprehensive analysis revealed that it was necessary to examine the seed development and germinating properties for each cucumber material and choose a suitable harvesting time to harvest the seeds.For the materials resistant to PHS,we proposed to harvest the seeds after 38 DAP.On the other side,for the materials susceptible to PHS,we proposed to harvest the seeds before 35 DAP.
作者
曹明明
邓强
王惠哲
杨瑞环
赵海燕
刘长悦
CAO Mingming;DENG Qiang;WANG Huizhe;YANG Ruihuan;ZHAO Haiyan;LIU Changyue(Cucumber Research Institute,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology,Tianjin 300192,China)
出处
《天津农业科学》
2023年第12期27-31,共5页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
天津市农业科学院青年科研人员创新研究与实验项目(2022016)
天津市蔬菜产业技术体系创新团队项目(ITTVRS2021000)。
关键词
黄瓜
采收时间
种子质量
千粒质量
发芽率
cucumber
harvesting time
seed quality
thousand-seed weight
germination rate
作者简介
曹明明(1987-),男,江苏徐州人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事黄瓜分子遗传育种研究;通讯作者:杨瑞环(1971-),女,天津人,研究员,硕士,主要从事黄瓜育种研究。
