摘要
数字经济时代,数字平台在国际化过程中如何构建生态优势成为业界和学界共同关注的问题。本文针对TikTok国际化的实践,系统探索了数字平台的国际化与生态优势构建的协同演化。研究发现:第一,在国际化的不同阶段,数字平台可以利用一系列国际化战略包括选择性复制-适应性迭代、广泛覆盖-强化参与、互惠共赢-协同发展,来实现资源整合、价值共创和生态创新;第二,在国际化过程中,通过一系列国际化战略生成了生态优势--在资源上获取了包括技术、关系和创新的生态优势,在结构上构建了包含连接性、互联性和聚合性的生态优势,并在各自阶段与国际化战略动态循环;第三,在不同国际化阶段之间,国际化战略与生态优势构建协同演化的表现形式为辐射跃迁和纵深跃迁。本文形成的理论框架能够填补现有文献对数字平台在国际化过程呈现出的国际化战略与生态优势构建协同演化关系因关注不足所造成的研究缺口,也是在数字经济背景下丰富和拓展传统国际商务理论的新尝试。
In the era of digital economy,the rapid development of digital platforms is changing traditional business models,ecosystems,and traditional industrial structures of organizations.It is also shaping the way in which international business activities are conducted.With the proliferation of the internet and e-commerce,an increasing number of enterprises are beginning to expand their businesses globally.Digital platforms provide companies with broader markets and greater opportunities,while also making international business activities more convenient and efficient.Through digital platforms,enterprises could easily communicate and engage with global customers,carrying out international trade,cross-border payments,logistics and distribution and other business activities.The academia has already paid attention to the internationalization of digital platforms,believing that digital platforms provide a new context for the study of internationalization and offer opportunities to expand traditional theories of international business.Traditional theories of international business maintain that a company's specific competitive advantage is a prerequisite for engaging in international market competition,with such advantages mainly relying on internal resources and capabilities.The internationalization process is unilaterally driven by market commitments.In contrast,digital platforms'competitive advantages mainly stem from the ecosystems established h through platforms.How to build ecosystem-specific advantages in the process of internationalization of digital platform enterprises has become a common concern in the industry as well as academia.Based on a case investigation of TikTok,this study explores the co-evolution of digital platforms'internationalization process and the construction of ecosystem-specific advantages.The result shows that at different stages of internationalization,digital platforms could use a series of internationalization strategies including replication-learning,coverage-access,reciprocity-synergy to achieve resource integration,value co-creation and ecosystem innovation.In addition,ecosystem-specific advantages are generated through a series of internationalization strategies in the process of internationalization.Between different internationalization stages,the co-evolution of internationalization strategy and ecosystem-specific advantages manifests themselves in the form of radial transition and longitudinal transition.This study contributes to the current literature by expanding the research on the internationalization of digital platforms,analyzing the collaborative evolution characteristics of digital platforms'international strategies and ecosystem-specific advantages construction in the process of internationalization.This fills the research gap caused by the insufficient attention to the co-evolution of ecosystem-specific advantages'construction and internationalization strategy in the existing literature.In addition,this study complements and expands the literature on digital platform ecosystems,providing empirical evidence for how digital platforms could build ecosystem-specific advantages in the context of internationalization.Furthermore,this study also expands the explanatory scope of internationalization process theory in the context of digital platforms.Traditional internationalization process theories suggest that the interaction of experiential knowledge and resource commitments is the core mechanism of internationalization processes,while digital platforms are driven by the interaction of internationalization strategies and ecosystem-specific advantages to enter new markets in foreign countries.The conclusions of this study could provide insights and references for digital platforms in building ecosystem-specific advantages and making internationalization strategy decisions.The collaborative evolution between internationalization strategy and ecosystem-specific advantage construction is a gradual process,accompanied by iterative and upgrading stages of evolution.Digital platforms could conduct different internationalization strategies and ecosystem-specific advantages constructions according to the phases they are in.
作者
张闯
孙冬白
单宇
王成岐
ZHANG Chuang;SUN Dong-bai;SHAN Yu;WANG Cheng-qi(School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024,China;School of Business Administration,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian,Liaoning,116025,China;Business School,University of Nottingham,Nottingham,UK)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第11期27-47,共21页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘双循环’新格局下现代流通体系创新及高质量发展路径研究”(21&ZD120)
中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目“B2B平台生态系统中的多重信任及其对平台绩效的影响研究”(DUT23RC(3)034)。
关键词
数字平台
生态优势
协同演化
国际化战略
digital plaform
ecosystem-specific advantages
co-evolution
internationalization strategy
作者简介
张闯,男,教授,博士,研究领域为营销战略,电子邮箱:zhangchuang@dlut.edu.cn;通讯作者:孙冬白,女,博士研究生,研究领域为营销战略,电子邮箱:sdb.2009@163.com;单宇,男,副教授,博士,研究领域为国际商务,电子邮箱:nkushanyu@163.com;王成岐,男,教授,博士,研究领域为国际商务,电子邮箱:chengqi.wang@nottingham.ac.uk。
