摘要
茶树的生长习性决定了我国茶园大部分处在丘陵山区并且区域内降雨量较大,雨水对地表的冲刷作用强,容易发生水土流失,土壤自然沉降加上不合理的耕作、施肥方式以及人为踩踏和机械压实的作用导致茶园土壤板结现象日益严重。土壤板结引起的茶园土壤退化导致茶叶品质下降、茶叶产量降低、茶园土壤理化性质变差、茶园生态系统阈值减小以及茶园管理和施肥成本升高,这些问题一直困扰着我国茶产业的发展。解决茶园土壤板结问题的主要措施有合理的耕作措施、搭配科学的施肥用量、增施有机肥、使用土壤改良剂、茶树绿肥套种、秸秆覆盖还田等。
The growth habit of tea plants determines that most of China′s tea gardens are located in hilly and mountainous areas and the rainfall in the area is large.The rainwater has a strong washing effect on the surface,and it is easy to occur soil erosion.Due to the natural soil settlement,coupled with unreasonable tillage and fertilization methods,as well as artificial stepping and mechanical compaction,the soil compaction phenomenon of tea gardens is becoming increasingly serious.Soil degradation in tea gardens caused by soil compaction has led to the decline of tea quality,the decrease of tea yield,the deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties of tea gardens,the reduction of the threshold of tea garden ecosystems,and the increase of tea garden management and fertilization costs,which have always plagued the development of China′s tea industry.The main methods to solve the problems of soil compaction in tea gardens include reasonable tillage measures,collocation of scientific fertilization amount,increased application of organic fertilizer,use of soil amendments,tea plant intercropping with green manure,straw mulching and returning to the field.
作者
方洪生
李成林
FANG Hongsheng;LI Chenglin(Huangshan Hongtong Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Huangshan Anhui 245000;Anhui Lyukui Tea Industry Co.,Ltd.,Langxi Anhui 242100)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2024年第1期128-132,共5页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
关键词
茶园
土壤板结
成因
危害
土壤改良
tea garden
soil compaction
cause
harm
soil improvement
作者简介
第一作者:方洪生(1966—),男,副研究员。研究方向:茶叶生产加工。E-mail:fanghongsheng01@126.com;通信作者:李成林。
