摘要
为实现葡萄产业可持续化发展及推广极简化生态栽培模式(NS),以山东省烟台市蓬莱区君顶酒庄贵人香葡萄园为研究对象,测定土壤含水量、容重、全氮、全磷、全钾含量等14项理化指标,使用KMO和Bartlett球形度检验、主成分分析法分析土壤质量,研究NS对葡萄园土壤质量的影响。结果表明,与对照组传统栽培模式(TS)相比,NS处理土壤含水量、有机质含量、总碳含量均显著提高,其中,总碳含量差值随时间延长而增大,平均较TS处理高25.97%。NS处理土壤速效钾含量、全钾含量、铵态氮含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、土壤磷酸酶活性、蔗糖酶活性均较TS处理提高,其中,磷酸酶活性差异最为显著,5月达到峰值,较TS处理高2440.84%;过氧化氢酶活性变化不显著;土壤脲酶活性被抑制,平均较TS处理低35.53%。通过构建土壤综合评价模型和计算,NS处理土壤质量得分为1.37,TS处理土壤质量得分为-1.51。表明NS能够有效提高果园土壤质量,改善果园土壤理化性质。
To achieve sustainable development of grape industry and promote extremely simplified ecological cultivation mode(NS),the influence of NS on the soil quality of vineyard was studied by taking the Italian Riesling vineyard of Junding Winery in Penglai District,Yantai City,Shandong Province as the research object.14 physical and chemical indexes such as water content,bulk density,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content were measured,and the soil quality was analyzed by KMO and Bartlett sphericity test and principal component analysis.The results showed that soil water content,soil organic matter and total carbon content were significantly increased under NS compared with traditional cultivation mode(TS).The difference of total carbon content of NS increased with time,and was 25.97%higher than TS on average.The contents of available potassium,total potassium,ammonium nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and the activities of soil phosphatase and sucrase of NS were increased.Among them,the phosphatase activity was the most significantly different,reaching a peak in May,which was 2440.84%higher than TS.There was no significant change in catalase activity.The soil urease activity was inhibited,which was 35.53%lower than TS.The soil quality scores of NS and TS were 1.37 and-1.51,respectively through the modeling and calculation of the soil comprehensive evaluation model.Compared with the traditional cultivation mode,the simplified ecological cultivation mode can effectively improve the soil quality and physical and chemical properties of orchard.
作者
黎日辉
钟晓敏
段鑫垚
颜亚赛
王琳
王华
李华
LI Rihui;ZHONG Xiaomin;DUAN Xinyao;YAN Yasai;WANG Lin;WANG Hua;LI Hua(Wine College of Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Junding Winery Co.,Ltd.,Penglai 265600,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2023年第12期127-135,共9页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(LYNJ202110)。
关键词
葡萄
极简化生态栽培
土壤质量评价
土壤理化性质
Grape
Simplified ecological cultivation
Soil quality evaluation
Soil physical and chemical properties
作者简介
黎日辉(1999-),男,江西抚州人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:果树栽培。E-mail:2021056184@nwafu.edu.cn;钟晓敏为同等贡献作者;通信作者:李华(1959-),男,重庆梁平人,教授,主要从事葡萄优质抗病育种、葡萄病虫害合理防治等方面的研究。E-mail:lihuawine@nwafu.edu.cn。
