摘要
【目的】种子活力是筛选优质(高发芽率,高出苗率等)品种及种质资源的一项重要指标。通过对种子活力遗传机制的探究,为选育高活力品种提供参考及依据。【方法】利用具有不同种子活力的SHW-L1和川麦32构建的重组自交系群体材料,对当年新收获的种子和3种不同老化处理(人工加速老化、自然老化1年和5年)的种子发芽势、发芽率进行了QTL定位,与拟南芥、水稻和玉米已发表的种子活力相关的基因与主效QTL置信区间对应的小麦基因进行同源比较分析,同时对老化前后活力表现差异极端的材料进行醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白组成变化进行了分析。【结果】自然老化1年的种子QTL位点分布在7D上,人工老化的种子QTL位点分布在1B、2D、3A和7D,自然老化5年的种子QTL位点分布于3B上,当年新收获材料未能定位到QTL。7D含自然老化与人工老化共同的位点。筛选得到与种子发芽密切相关候选基因27个。与未老化种子相比,人工老化72 h后的种子醇溶蛋白与麦谷蛋白降解显著,高活力种子醇溶蛋白降解更快。【结论】不同自然老化年份的QTL位点处于动态变化;候选基因主要与种子发育、萌发、能量代谢和响应逆境的信号传导相关;人工加速老化与自然老化1年条件下,发现染色体一致的QTL位点7D(QGpy.sicau-7D-1和QGra.sicau-7D-1、QGpy.sicau-7D-2和QGra.sicau-7D-3);控制种子活力的增效基因来源于人工合成小麦SHW-L1,为进一步利用人工合成小麦种质资源改良小麦种子活力提供了依据。
【Objective】Seed vigor is an important index for selecting varieties and germplasm resources with high germination rate and seedling emergence rate.By exploring the genetic mechanism of seed vitality,reference and basis can be provided for the selection of high vitality varieties,ensuring high grain yield.【Method】This experiment utilized SHW-L1 and Chuanmai 32 with different seed vigor to construct a recombinant inbred line population material.QTL mapping was performed on newly harvested seeds and three different aging treatments(artificially accelerated aging seeds of the same year,natural aging for 1 year,and natural aging for 5 years)using germination rates.Homologous comparison analysis was conducted on genes related to seed vitality published in Arabidopsis,rice,and corn,as well as wheat genes corresponding to the confidence interval of the main QTL.The gliadin and glutenin composition changes were analyzed for materials with extreme vigor after aging.【Result】The results showed that the QTL sites of seeds aged naturally for one year were distributed on 7D,and the QTL sites of artificially aged seeds were distributed on 1B,2D,3A.Same as 7D;the QTL sites of seeds aged naturally for five year were distributed on 3B.The QTL sites of newly harvested seeds were unfound.7D contained loci that were common to both natural and artificial aging.27 candidate genes closely related to seed germination were screened.Compared with the unaged seeds,the gliadin and glutenin of the seeds after artificial aging for 72 h degrade significantly,and the gliadin of the high vigor seeds degrades faster.【Conclusion】QTL loci in different natural aging years are in dynamic changes;Candidate genes are mainly related to seed development,germination,energy metabolism,and signal transduction in response to stress;Under the conditions of artificial accelerated aging and natural aging for one year,QTL loci 7D(QGpy.sicau-7D-1 and QGra.sicau-7D-1,QGpy.sicau-7D-2 and QGra.sicau-7D-3)with consistent chromosomes were found;T he enhancing gene for seed vigor comes from artificially synthesized wheat SHWL1,providing a basis for further utilizing artificially synthesized wheat germplasm resources to improve wheat seed vitality.
作者
李阳
郭晓江
唐华苹
雷越堃
张连全
刘登才
王际睿
魏育明
郑有良
蒲至恩
LI Yang;GUO Xiaojiang;TANG Huaping;LEI Yuekun;ZHANG Lianquan;LIU DengCai;WANG Jirui;WEI Yuming;ZHENG Youliang;PU Zhien(State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Triticeae Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Chengdu Juannong Intelligent Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 611730,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期988-997,1014,共11页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
成都市重点研发支撑计划(2022-YF05-00695-SN)
校企合作研发项目(2022-XQHZ-0792)。
作者简介
李阳,讲师,主要从事小麦遗传育种研究,E-mail:505922049@qq.com;蒲至恩,教授,博士,主要从事小麦遗传育种研究,E-mail:puzhien@sicau.edu.cn。
