摘要
目的调查2020年甘南藏族自治州中小学生超重现状及影响因素,为区域学生超重肥胖防控工作提供参考。方法分层整群抽取甘南藏族自治州小学4~6年级、初中和高中学生共3082名为研究对象进行体格检查和问卷调查。统计学分析采用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果3082学生的超重肥胖检出率为24.4%。超重肥胖检出率,职业高中学生(49.7%)高于小学生(18.9%)、初中生(23.3)和普通高中学生(28.9%),男生(33.2%)高于女生(15.5%),藏族学生(26.2%)高于非藏族学生(23.0%),城区学生(25.2%)高于郊县学生(17.1%)(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,每天看电脑时间≥2 h(OR:6.586)对职业高中学生是超重肥胖危险因素,摄入含糖饮料≥1次/d(OR:4.027)对女生是危险因素,家长不限制看电子屏幕对初中生(OR:1.697)、男生(OR:1.356)、城区学生(OR:1.254)是危险因素;每天睡眠时间≥8 h对职业高中学生(OR:0.416)、小学生(OR:0.568)、非藏族学生(OR:0.694)是保护因素,每天运动时间1-<2 h对初中生(OR:0.621)、男生(OR:0.674)、非藏族学生(OR:0.688)是保护因素,每天运动时间≥2 h对男生(OR:0.704)是保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论甘南藏族自治州中小学生超重肥胖检出率处于我国中等水平,应从饮食、运动、电子产品使用及睡眠几方面对不同特征学生开展针对性干预。
Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of overweight among primary and secondary school students in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in 2020,China,and provide a reference for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity among regional students.Methods A total of 3082 students were selected by stratified cluster sampling from primary schools(grades 4 to 6),middle schools,and high schools for physical examination and a questionnaire survey.The Chisquared test and multivariable logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis.Results The rate of overweight and obesity among 3082 students was 24.4%.The rate of overweight and obesity was significantly higher in vocational high school students(49.7%)than that in primary school students(18.9%),junior high school students(23.3%),and ordinary high school students(28.9%);significantly higher in males(33.2%)than in females(15.5%);significantly higher in Tibetan students(26.2%)than in non-Tibetan students(23.0%);and significantly higher in urban students(25.2%)than in suburban students(17.1%;all P<0.05).The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that time spent on computers≥2 hours per day(odds ratio[OR]=6.586)was a risk factor for overweight and obesity in vocational high school students;intake of sugary drinks≥1 time per day(OR=4.027)was a risk factor for girls;parents′unrestricted viewing of electronic screens was a risk factor for junior high school students(OR=1.697),boys(OR=1.356),and urban students(OR=1.254);sleeping time≥8 hours per day was a protective factor for vocational high school students(OR=0.416),primary school students(OR=0.568),and non-Tibetan students(OR=0.694);exercise time for 1-2 hours per day was a protective factor for junior high school students(OR=0.621),boys(OR=0.674),and non-Tibetan students(OR:0.688);and exercise time≥2 hours per day was a protective factor for boys(OR=0.704;all P<0.05).Conclusion The rate of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefec-ture is at a medium level in China.Targeted interventions considering diet,exercise,electronic screen use,and sleeping time should be implemented based on the characteristics of students.
作者
李盛
王金玉
贺诗淇
李昕蓉
冯亚莉
李普
LI Sheng;WANG Jin-yu;HE Shi-qi;LI Xin-rong;FENG Ya-li;LI Pu(Lanzhou Lung Hospital,Lanzhou 730046,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University;School of Public Health,Lanzhou University;Baiyin Second People′s Hospital)
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2023年第12期909-915,共7页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
兰州市民生科技计划项目(2021-1-178)
兰州市人才创新创业项目(2023-RC-30)。
关键词
超重
肥胖
中小学生
影响因素
防控
overweight
obesity
primary and secondary school student
influencing factors
prevention and control
作者简介
李盛,主任医师,主要从事学校预防保健等工作,Email:1178708407@qq.com;通信作者:王金玉,副教授,从事学校卫生与环境卫生工作,Email:wangjiny@lzu.edu.cn.
