摘要
目的 评估福建省石材加工企业矽尘暴露的职业健康风险,为职业病防治提供依据。方法 从国家工作场所职业病危害因素监测系统数据中选取2022年福建省262家石材加工企业矽尘检测结果,应用半定量接触比值法和风险指数法开展职业健康风险评估。结果 944个岗位的超标率为34.1%。半定量接触比值法各风险等级占比为中等风险(36.2%)、高风险(44.0%)、极高风险(19.8%),综合风险等级为高风险;风险指数法各风险等级占比为无危害(40.0%)、轻度危害(31.8%)、中度危害(12.7%)、高度危害(8.9%)、极度危害(6.6%),综合风险等级为中等风险。结论 石材加工企业矽尘超标率较高,两种风险评估方法显示石材加工企业的整体矽尘职业健康风险水平较高,其中干磨(异形加工)是重点关注的岗位,同时也不能忽视其余岗位的粉尘危害。
Objective To assess the occupational health risk of silica dust exposure in stone processing enterprises in Fujian Province and provide a basis information for occupational disease prevention.Methods The silica dust monitoring results among 262 stone processing enterprises in Fujian Province in 2022 were selected from the data of National Monitoring System for Workplace Occupational Diseases Hazardous Items,and the occupational health risk assessment was conducted using Semiquantitative Exposure Ratio Method and Risk Index Method.Results The over standard rate in the 944 positions was 34.1%.The proportions of risk levels based on the Semi-quantitative Exposure Ratio Method were 36.2%for medium risk,44.0%for high risk,and 19.8%for extremely high risk,the comprehensive risk level was high risk.The proportions of risk levels based on the Risk Index Method were 40.0%for no hazards,31.8%for minor hazards,12.7%for medium hazards,8.9%for high hazards,and 6.6%for extreme high hazards,the comprehensive risk level was medium risk.Conclusions The over standard rate of silica dust in stone processing enterprises is high,and the two methods of risk assessment show that the overall silica dust occupational health risk level of stone processing enterprises is high,and dry grinding(special-shaped processing)position is the focus of attention,and the dust harm of other positions can not be ignored either.
作者
江荧荧
柯宗枝
林文敏
潘绥
JIANG Yingying;KE Zongzhi;LIN Wenmin;PAN Sui(Department of Occupation Hedlth,Fujian Centerfor Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and Chemical Posioning.Fuzhou,Fujian350025,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2023年第11期858-863,共6页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
关键词
石材加工
矽尘
职业健康
风险评估
Stone processing
Silica dust
Occupational health
Risk assessment
作者简介
通信作者:江荧荧,副主任医师,硕士研究生,研究方向:职业卫生,E-mail:fjodcjyy@163.com。
