摘要
煤炭开采形成大面积的采空区和数量众多的废弃矿井,在这些废弃矿井中蕴藏着大量的煤层气资源。区别于常规煤层气资源,废弃矿井煤层气资源的勘探和开发受到采空区分布、覆盖层、围岩情况、裂隙带发育情况、煤层顶底板情况、煤矿开采方式以及采空区地下水等情况的综合影响,利用地球物理勘探技术可以为废弃矿井煤层气的开发提供技术支持。本文介绍了山西煤炭地质的基本情况,分析了采空区坍塌及积水的机制,以及围岩与采空区的地震波场特征、电性特征、激发极化特征和放射性氡异常特征;介绍了地震法、直流电法、可控源音频大地电磁法、瞬变电磁法、激发极化法、放射性勘探法、微动勘探法、航空瞬变电磁法和半航空瞬变电磁法探测采空区的原理、方法及应用。指出开发、研究新的地球物理方法,建立多方法、多维度、多空间的采空区综合探测体系,充分利用地球物理大数据,深入发掘人工智能反演技术,可为我国废弃矿井煤层气资源的勘探和开发提供技术支持。
Coal mining has resulted in large areas of goaf and numerous abandoned mines.There are a large amount of coalbed methane resources in these abandoned mines.Different from conventional coalbed methane resources,the exploration and development of coalbed methane resources in abandoned mines are affected by the distribution of open areas,overburden,surrounding rock conditions,development of fissure zones,and conditions of the roof and floor of coal seams,coal mining methods,groundwater in goaves,etc.,and geophysical exploration technology can provide technical support for developing coalbed methane in abandoned mines.This article provides an overview of coal geology in Shanxi and explores the factors contributing to the collapse and water accumulation in goaves.It also examines surrounding rocks and goafs'seismic wave,electrical,induced polarization,and radioactive radon anomalies characteristics.Furthermore,the article introduces various detection methods such as seismic,direct current,controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric,transient electromagnetic,induced polarization,radioactive prospecting,microtremor exploration,aviation,and semi-aviation transient electromagnetic methods.It is pointed out that developing and researching new geophysical techniques,establishing a multi-method,multi-dimensional,and multi-space comprehensive goaf detection system,making full use of geophysical big data,and in-depth exploration of artificial intelligence inversion technology can provide valuable information for coalbed methane resources in abandoned mines in my country.It is providing technical support for exploration and development.
作者
余传涛
柳春林
薛俊杰
张富明
李勇
Yu Chuantao;Liu Chunlin;Xue Junjie;Zhang Fuming;Li Yong(College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics/Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Institutions of Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Zhong Ke Di Yuan Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1991-2005,共15页
Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition
基金
山西省自然科学基金项目(201901D111045)
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2022-076)。
关键词
废弃矿井
煤层气
采空区
地球物理勘探
abandoned mines
coalbed methane resources
goaf
geophysical exploration
作者简介
余传涛(1984-),男,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事煤田电磁法技术应用方面的研究,E-mail:yct2008@126.com;通信作者:薛俊杰(1992-),男,博士后,主要从事电磁法响应与反演算法方面的研究,E-mail:junjie_58@126.com。
