摘要
跳台滑雪的空中飞行阶段姿态及稳定性决定了飞行的距离.本文作者以跳台滑雪的人/板系统为研究对象,探究其在空中飞行阶段所受到的空气阻力以及保持平衡所需要克服的力矩问题.结合空中飞行过程中人/板系统姿态的主要参数,即雪板间相对倾角、身体与雪板夹角以及V型夹角进行仿真分析,采用正交试验方法,获取不同因素角度下的总升阻比、滑雪板升阻比、身体力矩以及滑雪板力矩.仿真结果表明主要参数的耦合关系对人/板系统的总升阻比、滑雪板升阻比、身体力矩以及滑雪板力矩均会产生影响,并能间接的影响到运动员空中飞行过程中的气动特性以及姿态稳定性.通过分析得到人/板系统的最优组合为雪板间相对倾角为120°,身体与雪板夹角为26°,V型夹角为32°.最后利用视频解析法验证了本研究结果的可靠性.
The process of ski jumping is divided into four parts:skiing,jumping,air flight,and landing.Athletes can achieve a stable flights attitude within 0.5s after jumping,and then basically keep their attitude unchanged to complete the air flight,so the lift-to-drag ratio of the air flight process and the stability of the athlete’s attitude directly determine the distance of the jump,thus affecting the performance of the competition.There are many factors affecting the aerodynamic characteristics of the aerial flight stage of ski jumping,such as windward angle,body and snowboard angle,V-shaped angle of snowboard and relative inclination between skis.Computer fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation is an important tool for studying the stability of the air flight phase,which can simulate the air flow and stress statue of the human/board system in the actual motion.At present,this research mainly analyzes the univariate influence of body posture and ski posture,but there are few studies on the multi-factor coupling relationship between the above.This article used the human/board system of the platform as the research object to explore the air resistance that it suffered during the air flight and the torque problem that needed to be overcome.Combined with the main parameters of human and board system gesture during the air flight,that is,relative inclination between skis,body and snowboard angle,and V-shaped angle of snowboard are used for simulation analysis.It can be seen that ski-jumping involves multi-factor coupling analysis,and three-factor four-level simulation will be carried out through CFD simulation method.Since the number of experimental models reached 43=64,the number of models was large,so the orthogonal test design method was used to carry out simulation tests.The numerical results were processed,and the optimal level combination of single target was analyzed first,the optimal level combination when multi-target factors were coupled,and finally the obtained excellent level combination was modeled and simulated to determine the optimal level combination of the three-factor coupling of the final human/board system.By analyzing the posture angle of athletes in the actual competition of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics,the simulated pose was verified.The results showed that there was a coupling relationship in the main parameters of the human/board system posture during the air flight.The optimal level of single factor can not ensure that the optimal angle can also be reached after other pose angles are changed.The total lift-drag ratio,skiing board lift-drag ratio,physical torque and ski board torque human/board system will have an impact,and can indirectly affect the pneumatic characteristics and attitude stability of the athletes during the air flight.The optimal combination of the human/board system was that the relative inclination between skis was 120°,The body and snowboard angle was 26°,and the V-shaped angle of snowboard was 32°.The smaller relative inclination of the skis can improve the aerodynamics of athletes during flight.The conclusion of the angle between body and snowboard and V-shaped angle of snowboard is based on the standard platform(male)athletes of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as the research object,and the parameters such as body and snowboard angle,V-shaped angle of snowboard and average jump distance of stable human/board attitude are obtained by video analysis,and the statistical results verify the reliability of the research results.
作者
廖章文
周义翔
于经伦
张胜年
魏书涛
张成蛟
姜峰
LIAO Zhangwen;ZHOU Yixiang;YU Jinglun;ZHANG Shengnian;WEI Shutao;ZHANG Chengjiao;JIANG Feng(Institute of Manufacturing Engineering,Huaqiao University,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing Technology of Brittle Material Products,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China;School of Electromechanical and Automation,Huaqiao University,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China;Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;361 Degree Co,Ltd,Fujian Xiamen 361009,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health,Nantong University,Jiangsu Nantong 226019,China)
出处
《摩擦学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1151-1164,共14页
Tribology
基金
国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2020YFF0303800)资助。
作者简介
Corresponding author:姜峰.E-mail:jiangfeng@hqu.edu.cn,Tel:+86-18106953128.
