摘要
矮小型棉花具有抗倒伏、适合密植等特点,利于塑造棉花的理想株型,优化群体结构,提高光合生产率,增加单位面积产量。本课题组在远缘杂交品系N31中发现了一个株型矮小突变体,经过连续多代自交,获得了稳定遗传的纯合体并命名为df31。表型鉴定结果表明:突变体df31株高矮、果枝夹角小、节间距短、生育期长,与N31呈极显著差异。遗传学分析表明:df31与N31杂交,F_(2)分离群体中突变表型与正常表型符合1∶3分离,矮小突变由隐性单基因控制。细胞学观察结果表明:与N31相比,df31叶柄、下胚轴和茎的单位面积薄壁细胞数量增加,维管束较多,形成层欠发达。随着营养生长,df31中赤霉素、油菜素类固醇呈明显下降趋势,生长素含量稳定,生长速度缓慢。本研究分析了矮小突变体的综合表型和遗传基础,并从细胞和生理水平分析了矮小突变体的变化,为进一步突变基因定位、克隆奠定基础。
Dwarf cotton has the advantage in lodging resistance and suitable for dense planting,which is conducive to shaping ideotype of cotton plant architecture,optimizing population performance,improving photosynthetic productivity and increasing yield per unit area.A plant architecture mutant was found in the distant hybrid line N31.Following continuous self-crossing for multiple generations,a stable homozygous mutant was obtained and named as df31.Phenotypic investigation showed that df31 decreased in plant height,branch angle,internode length,while elongated the growth period than N31.Genetic analysis showed that the segregation of mutant phenotype and normal phenotype present in a ratio of 1:3 in an F_(2) population,which indicated that the short stature mutation was controlled by a single recessive gene.The cytological observation showed that compared with N31,the number of parenchyma cells in a unit area in petiole,hypocotyl and stem of df31 increased,accompanying with more vascular bundles and less developed cambium.Along the vegetative growth,the content of endogenous GA,and BR in df31 showed an obvious decreasing,the content of IAA was not affected,and its growth rate was slow.Through this study,the comprehensive phenotypic identification of the dwarf mutant df31 and the genetic basis of dwarf gene underneath were analyzed,furthermore the dwarf mutations were analyzed at the cellular and physiological levels,which laid the foundation for further studies on gene mapping and cloning.
作者
刘祎
张曦
王广恩
崔淑芳
钱玉源
李俊兰
LIU Yi;ZHANG Xi;WANG Guangen;CUI Shufang;QIAN Yuyuan;LI Junlan(Institute of Cotton,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Cotton in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch,Shijiazhuang 050051)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1736-1743,共8页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
棉花生物学国家重点实验室(CB2022A09)
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-MHS-4)。
关键词
陆地棉
矮小突变体
表型鉴定
遗传分析
Gossypium hirsutum
short stature mutant
phenotypic identification
genetic analysis
作者简介
第一作者:刘祎,研究方向为棉花种质资源与新品种选育,E-mailliuyi1105@126.com;共同第一作者:张曦;通信作者:钱玉源,研究方向为棉花种质资源与新品种选育,E-mail:qyyuan8163.com;通信作者:李俊兰,研究方向为棉花新品种选育,E-mail:1803667130@qq.com。
