摘要
利用野外观测和数理统计方法对新疆策勒绿洲内外不同下垫面近地表大气降尘和绿洲农田土壤的时空分布特征及理化性质差异进行研究.结果表明:①策勒大气降尘量时间分布上在春夏两季较多,秋冬季相对较少;②策勒大气降尘量随高度的升高呈现减少趋势,2019年5月至2021年5月观测期内各测点0.5 m、1 m和3 m高度层降尘量从沙漠流沙地至绿洲边缘随着地表天然植被覆盖度的增加,降尘量也随之增加,进入绿洲内部后,由于高大密集的防护林网、农作物和民房等的阻滞作用,近地表大气降尘量又呈逐渐减少的变化趋势;③各高度层大气降尘的分选性较好,大气降尘物平均粒径均值为65.21~87.07μm,平均分选系数为1.63~2.06.土壤平均分选系数为1.47~2.25,属于中等—较差分选性;④大气降尘物有机质含量、铵态氮、速效磷含量均较土壤低,绿洲内部大县城站点有机质含量最高(220.13 g/kg).大气降尘物与土壤铵态氮含量平均值分别为16.28、18.05 mg/kg;大气降尘物与土壤速效磷含量平均值分别为12.440、36.387 mg/kg;大气降尘物有效钾含量明显高于土壤,平均值分别为55.50、14.07 mg/kg.绿洲化进程下绿洲内外不同下垫面的开垦年限及植被覆盖度等对大气降尘量及土壤的空间差异产生重要影响.
The dust weather occurs frequently in Cele County,the southern margin of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang,therefore,the methods of field observation and mathematical statistics are used to study,inside and outside the oasis,the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric dust removal in the process of oasisization,and the difference between farm-soil’s physical and chemical properties.The results show that:①The time distribution of atmospheric dust fall in Cele is more in spring and summer,and relatively less in autumn and winter.②Cele atmospheric dust fall shows a decreasing trend with the growing of heights.During the observation period between May 2019 and May 2021,the dust-falls obtained from the observation points at the heights of 0.5 m,1 m and 3 m show that they increase from desert sand to the oasis edge with the increase of natural vegetation coverage;while inside the oasis,near surface atmospheric dust demonstrates a trend of gradual decrease,due to blocking effects by the net of tall and dense shelter forests,crops and houses.③The separation of each height of atmospheric dust removal is good.The average particle size of atmospheric dust removal is between 65.21−87.07μm,and the average separation coefficient is between 1.63−2.06.Besides,the average sorting coefficient of soil is between 1.47−2.25,which is medium-poor sorting.④In the atmospheric dust removal,the content of organic matter,ammonium nitrogen and quick phosphorus are lower than those in soil,and the organic matter content in the oasis,obtained at Daxiancheng observation point,is the largest,at 220.13 g/kg.The average contents of ammonium nitrogen in atmospheric dust and soil are respectively 16.28 mg/kg and 18.05 mg/kg;and the average contents of atmospheric dust and soil quick phosphorus are respectively 12.440 mg/kg and 36.387 mg/kg.The effective potassium content of atmospheric dust fall is significantly higher than that of soil,with the average values of about 55.50 mg/kg and 14.07 mg/kg.During the process of oasis development,the reclamation age and vegetation coverage of different underlying surfaces inside and outside the oasis have an important influence on the spatial difference of atmospheric dust removal and soil.
作者
徐佳瑞
毛东雷
苏松领
靳万贵
张勇
赛亚热·赛都拉
XU Jia-rui;MAO Dong-lei;SU Song-ling;JIN Wan-gui;ZHANG Yong;Saiyare·Saidula(College of Geographic Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University/Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1260-1271,共12页
Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项——自然科学基金面上项目(2018 D01 A33)
国家自然科学基金地区科学基金(42061003).
关键词
绿洲化
大气降尘
粒度
理化性质
策勒
oasisization
atmospheric dust removal
particle size
physicochemical properties
Cele
作者简介
徐佳瑞(1997−),女,新疆人,硕士生,主要研究风沙地貌.E-mail:1965378591@qq.com;通信作者:毛东雷(1975−),男,新疆人,博士,教授,主要研究风沙地貌及荒漠化防治.E-mail:donglei6325@sina.com.
