摘要
为了探究不同养殖模式对金刚虾(Penaeus monodon)养殖水体菌群和虾体肠道菌群的组成及其差异,以低盐土池养殖(盐度:8.3‰,简称低盐土池组)、低盐高位池养殖(盐度:7.8‰,简称低盐高位池组)和高盐高位池(盐度:23.4‰,简称高盐组)3种养殖模式下的金刚虾为试验对象,利用高通量测序技术,对其在40、80和120 d时养殖水体菌群和虾体肠道菌群结构及其多样性进行了研究。结果显示:不同养殖模式养殖水体和虾体肠道菌群在对虾不同阶段中的变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低盐土池、低盐高位池、高盐高位池水体中分别检测出微生物1005、1443、1282种,分别隶属于26、29、29个门;肠道中分别检测出微生物1521、877、451种,分别隶属于38、23、21个门。不同模式金刚虾养殖水体菌群的优势门分别为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria)和脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota);虾体肠道中的优势门分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门和蓝藻门。分属变形菌门的红杆菌科(Rhodobacteraceae)均为水体和肠道中的优势菌,分属厚壁菌门的乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)仅在金刚虾肠道中表现为优势;在金刚虾肠道中,红杆菌科是养殖前期主要的优势菌,乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)在养殖后期肠道中表现出绝对优势。结论:不同养殖模式金刚虾养殖水体和肠道菌群存在明显差异,高盐高位池中红杆菌科和乳杆菌科的相对丰度显著优于低盐土池和低盐高位池。
In order to investigate the differences in the composition of water flora and intestinal flora of penaeus monodon caused by different culture modes,the experiment was carried out in low-salt soil ponds(salinity:8.3‰,hereinafter re⁃ferred to as the low-salt soil pond group),low-salt intensive pond culture(salinity:7.8‰,hereinafter referred to as the low-salt intensive pond group),and high-salt intensive pond(salinity:23.4‰,hereinafter referred to as the high-salt group).High throughput sequencing technology was used to study the structure and diversity of Penaeus monodon aqua⁃culture water microbiota and intestinal microbiota at 40,80,and 120 days respectively.The structure and diversity of wa⁃ter flora and intestinal flora were investigated.The results showed that there were significant differences in the changes of culture water and intestinal flora in different stages of shrimp in different culture modes(P<0.05).There were 1005,1443,and 1282 microbial species detected in the water column of low-salt soil pond,low-salt intensive pond and high-salt intensive pond,belonging to 26,29,and 29 phyla respectively;1521,877,and 451 microbial species were detected in the intestines,belonging to 38,23,and 21 phyla respectively.The dominant phyla in the water flora of differ⁃ent models of Penaeus monodon culture were Phylum Anaplasma,Phylum Actinomycetes,Phylum Anaplasma,Phylum Cyanobacteria and Phylum Desulfovibrio;the dominant phyla in the intestines were Phylum Thicket,Phylum Ana⁃plasma,Phylum Actinomycetes,Phylum Anaplasma and Phylum Cyanobacteria.The Rhodobacteraceae belonging to the phylum Anaplasma were dominant in both the water column and the gut,while the lactobacillaceae belonging to the phy⁃lum Thick-walled were dominant only in the gut of penaeus monodon;in the gut of Penaeus monodon,the Rhodobactera⁃ceae were the main dominant bacteria in the early stages of culture,while the lactobacillus and weisseria spp.showed ab⁃solute dominance in the gut in the later stages of culture.The results showed that there were significant differences in the water flora and intestinal microflora of penaeus monodon in different cultural modes.The relative abundance of Rhodobac⁃teraceae and Lactobacillus in high salt high position ponds was significantly higher than that in low salt soil ponds and low salt high position ponds.Some bacteria in lactobacillus and weisseria genera may be potential probiotics during the Penaeus monodon culturing process.
作者
王伟
崔茜
蔡章印
黄永春
WANG Wei;CUI Xi;CAI Zhangyin;HUANG Yongchun(Fisheries College,Jimei Univercity,Xiamen,Fujian 361021,China;Longhai Shunyuan Aquatic Technology Co.Ltd.,Longhai,Fujian 363100,China)
出处
《西昌学院学报（自然科学版）》
2023年第3期7-14,共8页
Journal of Xichang University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
福建省科技厅高校产学合作重大项目(2017N5012)
福建省科技特派员后补项目(2021S2001)。
关键词
金刚虾
养殖模式
微生物菌群
Penaeus monodon
cultural modes
microbial flora
作者简介
王伟(1994-),男,河南南阳人,硕士,研究方向:水产动物健康养殖,e-mail:2471743101@qq.com。
