摘要
为改善列车底部流场结构,进一步减低高速列车的气动阻力,基于底部导流的思想,设计了一种列车底部转向架舱前后位置布置、截面为三角形的导流板并开展其气动减阻特性研究.以300 km/h的速度明线运行的三车编组CRH380B型高速列车为研究对象,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型,对4种典型的导流板安装位置进行探讨,并选择减阻效果最好的导流板安装位置,分别探究了5种角度和5种高度的不同组合下的导流板减阻特性差异,对比了安装导流板前后车体、转向架以及转向架舱上的阻力变化情况、压力分布变化情况以及转向架区域的流场结构变化情况.结果表明:仅在各转向架舱前双向开行的来流方向安装导流板时的减阻效果最佳;安装导流板后,车体、转向架舱上的气动阻力虽有所增加,但转向架上的阻力明显减少,转向架区域流速降低,前后压差减小,底部流场显著改善.同时发现,15°、100 mm组合的导流板减阻效果最佳,三车减阻率达7.08%.数值仿真证明了底部导流板能有效减小列车运行阻力.
To improve the bottom flow field structure and further reduce the aerodynamic drag of the high-speed train,based on the idea of bottom flow control,a triangular cross-sectional deflector located before and after the bogie cabins on the train bottom is designed,and its aerodynamic drag reduction characteristics are studied.Taking the open line running high-speed train with three coach formation CRH380B at the speed of 300 km/h as the research subject,and using the Realizable k-ε turbulence model,four typical deflector installation positions are explored,and the deflector installation position with the best drag reduction effect is selected to investigate the differences of deflector drag reduction characteristics under different combinations of five angles and five heights.The drag changes on the train bodies,bogies,and bogie cabins before and after the installation of the deflectors,the pressure distribution changes,and the flow field structure changes in the bogie area are also compared.The results show that the best drag reduction effect is achieved only when the deflectors are installed in the direction of incoming flow in front of each bogie cabin in both directions.After the installation of the deflectors,the aerodynamic drag on the train bodies and bogie cabins increases,but the drag on the bogies is significantly reduced,the flow velocity and the pressure difference in the bogie areas decreases,and the bottom flow field is significantly improved.At the same time,it is found that the 15° and 100 mm combination of the deflector has the best drag reduction effect,and the drag reduction rate of the three cars reaches 7.08%.The numerical simulation proves that the bottom deflectors can effectively reduce the train running resistance.
作者
姜琛
龙金兰
高广军
苗秀娟
JIANG Chen;LONG Jinan;GAO Guangjun;MIAO Xiujuan(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Changsha 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)
出处
《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期151-163,共13页
Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFA0710901)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12002395)。
关键词
高速列车
数值仿真
气动阻力
导流板
流动控制
转向架
high-speed train
numerical simulation
aerodynamic drag
deflector
flow control
bogie
作者简介
姜琛(1989-),男,湖南张家界人,中南大学副教授,工学博士;通信联系人:高广军,E-mail:gjgao@csu.edu.cn。
