摘要
2020年5月19日,受强降雨天气影响,美国密歇根州中部泰塔巴瓦希河上的伊登维尔坝和桑福德坝相继溃决,1.1万名居民紧急撤离,造成约2.45亿美元的经济损失。笔者从水文气象、流域大坝分布、大坝结构和失事过程等方面对溃坝事故进行描述,并从技术层面和管理层面对溃坝原因进行了深入分析,表明非塑性砂土静态液化是事故发生的直接原因。另外,流域大坝连续溃决加剧了事故的严重程度,警示各大坝运行管理单位要健全流域内梯级水电站的联合调度机制,加强与上下游大坝的协调联动,并为暴雨和洪水等突发事件制定相应的应急预案。
On May 19,2020,due to the impact of heavy rainfall,Edenville dam and Sanford dam in the United States broke one after another,leading to emergency evacuation of 11000 residents nearby and causing an economic loss about 245 million dollars.The dam-break accident is described in detail from the aspects such as hydrometeorology,dam distribution in the basin,dam structure,accident process and et al.,and the dam-break reasons are analyzed in depth from the technical level and management level respectively.The static liquefaction of non-plastic sand is the direct cause of the accident,and the successive dam failures in the basin has worsened the severity of the accident.Lessons are learnt that dam operation and management units should improve the joint regulation mechanism of cascade hydropower stations,strengthen the coordination with the dams upstream and downstream,and formulate corresponding emergency plans for various emergencies such as rainstorm and flood.
作者
彭之辰
吴双
龚士林
PENG Zhichen;WU Shuang;GONG Shilin(Large Dam Safety Supervision Center,National Energy Administration)
出处
《大坝与安全》
2023年第4期63-66,共4页
Dam & Safety
作者简介
彭之辰(1988-),男,江苏扬州人,高级政工师,主要研究方向为大坝运行安全政策法规和风险控制。邮箱:peng_zc@hdec.com。
