摘要
立足于偏振态空域调控技术,矢量光束所特有的偏振态空间结构属性,使其在光学及其交叉学科领域表现出巨大的研究价值和应用潜力。以往的研究主要关注偏振态的横向空域调控,而纵向(传播)方向同样是重要的光场调控维度,偏振态纵向变化矢量光束的出现,拓展了矢量光束的调控维度,为光与物质的相互作用带来更多可能,引起了广泛关注。文中围绕着偏振态纵向空域调控技术的发展,介绍了基于纵向变化位相差和振幅差的偏振态纵向变化矢量光束生成理论,并总结归纳了利用相位调制和空间频谱滤波的两类实验生成方法。此外,文中还对偏振态纵向变化矢量光束目前存在的问题进行了讨论,并对其发展前景进行了展望。
Significance Based on the spatial manipulation technique of polarization,the unique spatially structured properties of polarization make vector optical beam show great research values and application potentials in optics and its interdisciplinary fields.Previous studies mainly focused on the polarization manipulation in the transverse plane,but the longitudinal(propagation)direction is also an important dimension for manipulating optical field.The unique beam,with customized polarization distribution in the longitudinal direction,has attracted increasing attentions in recent years.Beyond enriching the diversity of vector beam,the variation of polarization along the direction of propagation provides increased scope for the light-matter interaction,especially in the optical nonlinear effect and spin-orbit coupling.Moreover,it also offers applied advantages in remote polarimetry,material deep processing and three-dimensional micromanipulation.Progress First,the generation principles of vector beam with longitudinally varying polarization are introduced.In order to realize the variation of polarization in the longitudinal direction in free space,the direct method to modulate the propagation environment of the polarized beam are unsuitable and the possibility of modulating the beam at the initial plane to indirectly control the longitudinal distribution of polarization should be taken into consideration. Two main methods reported to achieve longitudinally varying polarization are theconstruction of varying phase difference and amplitude difference in the propagation direction. The longitudinallyvarying phase difference is achieved by discrepant initial radial phase modulations on the orthogonally polarizedcomponents, while the construction of varying amplitude difference in the propagation direction is achieved bydifferent spatial spectrum filters for the customized amplitude relations between orthogonally polarizedcomponents. Relevant experimental methods are summarized which can be divided into the modulation of phaseand the filtering of the spatial spectrum. The phase modulation method includes the single-path generation methodbased on phase mask (Fig.3-6) and double-path generation method based on holographic gratings (Fig.7-9). Asthe most common method to generate vector beam with longitudinally varying polarization, the phase modulationmethod has the problem of controllability on the polarization variation. On the one hand, this controllability isreflected in the accuracy of the longitudinal manipulation of polarization. Due to the different initial phasemodulation, corresponding variation occurs in the amplitude of orthogonally polarized components duringpropagation, which will inevitably affect accuracy of polarization manipulation especially for the high-frequencylongitudinal variation of polarization. On the other hand, the controllability is reflected in the flexibility of thelongitudinal spatial modulation of polarization. Except for the variation of polarization along the equator andmeridian of the Poincaré sphere, the continuous longitudinal variation of polarization can also track othertrajectories on the Poincaré sphere. The recent works to improve the controllability of longitudinal manipulationof polarization are discussed in detail.Conclusions and Prospects Methods to generate vector beam with longitudinally varying polarization alongpropagation direction have been rapidly developed in recent years. Although many approaches to achieve thelongitudinal manipulation of polarization have been demonstrated, there are still some problems to be solved. Onthe one hand, the generation method which balances efficiency and flexibility will contribute to research andpractical applications of vector beams with longitudinally varying polarization. On the other hand, based on thenovel spatial manipulation dimension of polarization, the interaction between the longitudinally varyingpolarization and matter still need to be further studied to give full play to its longitudinal polarization "ruler" role,and the application of unique vector beam in laser depth machining, laser measurement and opticalmicromanipulation needs to be expanded. The research of this paper aims to provide some reference for thedesign and generation of vector beam with longitudinally varying polarization. The generation theories andexperimental methods of vector beam with longitudinally varying polarization are summarized, and thedevelopment prospects are also forecasted, which may be helpful for the manipulation techniques of optical fieldand its applications in laser fabrication, laser measurement and optical micromanipulation.
作者
王文悦
李劲松
郭纪祥
吕家琪
Wang Wenyue;Li Jinsong;Guo Jixiang;Lv Jiaqi(Center for Advanced Laser Technology,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment,Tianjin 300401,China)
出处
《红外与激光工程》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期82-91,共10页
Infrared and Laser Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(62005076)。
作者简介
王文悦,女,硕士生,主要从事光场调控技术方面的研究;通讯作者:吕家琪,导师,男,讲师,博士,主要从事光场调控技术及其应用方面的研究。
