摘要
中国陆相页岩油资源丰富,2022年产量达到340×10^(4) t,初步实现页岩油工业开发的起步。与北美海相页岩油相比,中国陆相页岩油类型更多、埋藏更深、微纳米尺度孔隙更为发育、物性条件差、开发机制与规律更为复杂,人工改造难度更大、成本更高等,使其有效规模开发面临更大的挑战。通过较为系统地总结近年来中国不同类型陆相页岩油开发理论、主体技术方面取得的重要进展,阐述各类页岩油主要开采机制、初步形成的技术体系/开发方式和实践效果,深入分析规模有效开发特别是提高采收率方面存在的问题和挑战,提出大幅提高陆相页岩油开采规模与效益的思路对策。建议通过对中国页岩油资源的分类分级评价,明确各页岩油藏经人工改造所能形成的可采储量潜力规模、接替途径及可持续性;深入揭示不同类型页岩油储层结构、岩性特征、赋存状态和流动机制,攻关创建更高质量的“人造油藏”及规模开发关键技术,特别是研发和优化储层改造方式提高有效缝网波及体积、追求储量动用/可采程度最大化;加快平台/区块立体开发工业性试验,升级形成可规模推广的效益开采模式和配套技术体系,建立块间接替、整体优化动用的规模开发方式;加快早期补充地层能量攻关试验、形成多介质大幅度提高页岩油采收率技术并尽早应用;推进全生命周期、地质-工程一体化、工程市场化等管理模式创新和智能化技术应用,大幅提高开采效益,推动实现页岩油大规模效益开发和高质量发展。
There are abundant continental shale oil resources in China,and the production rate reached 340×10^(4) t in 2022 which marks the initial development of the shale oil industry in China.In contrast to marine shale oil in North America,China s continental shale oil presents a more diverse range of types,greater burial depths,more micro and nano scale pores,worse physical properties,and more complex development mechanisms and laws,which bring great challenges to its large-scale effective development.This paper systematically summarizes the important progress made in the development theory and main technologies of different types of continental shale oil in China in recent years,elaborates on the main development mechanisms,preliminary technical systems/development methods,and practical effects of various types of shale oil,deeply analyzes the problems and challenges in the large-scale effective development,especially in improving oil recovery,and proposes ideas and countermeasures to significantly improve the scale and benefits of continental shale oil development.It is recommended to conduct a classification and grading evaluation of China s shale oil,clarify the potential scale,succession pathways,and sustainability of recoverable reserves contributed by artificial transformation of each shale oil reservoir,deeply reveal the structure,lithological characteristics,occurrence status,and flow mechanism of different types of shale oil reservoirs,and tackle the creation of high-quality"artificial reservoirs"and key technologies for large-scale development,especially the research and optimization of reservoir transformation methods to improve the effective fracture network sweep volume and to maximize reserve utilization/recovery degree.It is necessary to accelerate the industrial test of platform/block three-dimensional development,upgrade and form a benefit exploitation mode and supporting technology system that can be popularized on a large scale,establish a large-scale development mode of block replacement and overall optimization,accelerate the research and test of supplementing formation energy in the early stage,form a multi-medium technology to greatly improve shale oil recovery and apply it as soon as possible.What s more,it is suggested to comprehensively promote the innovation of management modes and the application of intelligent technologies such as lifecycle,geology-engineering integration and engineering marketization,so as to greatly improve the efficiency of exploitation,and promote the large-scale benefit exploitation of shale oil and the high-quality development of shale oil industry.
作者
袁士义
雷征东
李军诗
韩海水
YUAN Shiyi;LEI Zhengdong;LI Junshi;HAN Haishui(CNPC Advisory Center,State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery,Beijing 100724,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期13-24,共12页
Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51974356)。
关键词
陆相页岩油
效益开发
流动机制
开采模式
提高采收率
continental shale oil
benefit exploitation
flow mechanism
development mode
enhanced oil recovery
作者简介
第一作者:袁士义(1956-),男,中国工程院院士,博士,研究方向为油田开发方面的理论技术与战略咨询。E-mail:yuansy@petrochina.com.cn;通信作者:雷征东(1979-),男,教授级高级工程师,博士,研究方向为页岩油气渗流理论与提高采收率技术。E-mail:leizhengdong@petrochina.com.cn。
