摘要
【目的】为了使水库生态放流对策的制定与河流来水丰枯、水利部生态流量保障目标相适应,有必要对水库生态调度放流对策模型进行研究。【方法】以大凌河上的白石水库为例,选用Tennant法、Texas法、水利部生态流量保障目标(定值法)的生态流量计算结果用于生态调度,构建供水、发电、生态协调最优的生态调度模型。【结果】调度期末没有恢复汛限水位的要求,3个方法的年供水缺水量均值比有恢复汛限水位的要求减少了8.20%、20.21%、11.62%,生态供水缺水量均值减少了16.39%、14.40%、10.96%,定值法、Texas的发电量均值减少了0.90%、3.46%,Tennant法的发电量均值增加了3.73%。调度期末没有恢复汛限水位的要求,Tennant法比定值法、Texas法的水库年供水缺水量均值小19.91%、10.69%,非汛期缺水量均值小49.47%、21.17%,年发电量均值大4.25%、5.77%,汛期发电量均值大69.22%、9.20%。【结论】调度期末水库水位不要求尽量恢复汛限水位,能够提高水库水资源的利用率,以Tennant法计算的生态需水量的调度模式能够有效结合来水丰枯,实现供水、发电、生态的最优。
[Objective]In order to make the formulation of the ecological release countermeasures of the reservoir adapt to the flood and dry water coming from the river and the ecological flow guarantee objective of the Ministry of Water Resources,the ecological regulation release countermeasures model of the reservoir is studied.[Methods]Taking Baishi Reservoir on the Daling River as an example,the ecological flow calculation result of Tennant method,Texas method and the ecological flow guarantee target(fixed value method)of the Ministry of Water Resources are selected for ecological dispatching to build an ecological dispatching model with optimal water supply,power generation and ecological coordination.[Results]There is no requirement to restore the flood limit water level at the end of the dispatching period.The average annual water supply shortage of the three method are 8.20%,20.21%and 11.62%less than the requirement to restore the flood limit water level.The average ecological water supply shortage are 16.39%,14.40%and 10.96%less than the requirement to restore the flood limit water level.The average power generation of the fixed value method and the Texas method are 0.90%and 3.46%less than the requirement to restore the flood limit water level.The average power generation of the Tennant method is 3.73%more than the requirement to restore the flood limit water level.There is no requirement to restore the flood limit water level at the end of the dispatching period.The average annual water supply shortage of the reservoir by Tennant method are 19.91%and 10.69%lower than that by the constant value method and Texas method,the average non-flood season water shortage is 49.47%and 21.17%lower,the average annual power generation is 4.25%and 5.77%higher,and the average flood season power generation is 69.22%and 9.20%higher.[Conclusion]At the end of the operation period,the reservoir water level does not need to restore the flood limit water level as much as possible,which can improve the utilization rate of the reservoir water resources.The operation mode of ecological water demand calculated by Tennant method can effectively combine the characteristics of incoming water to achieve the optimization of water supply,power generation and ecology.
作者
许拯民
莫修旭
雷冠军
曹震
XU Zhengmin;MO Xiuxu;LEI Guanjun;CAO Zhen(College of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,Henan,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2023年第8期125-133,共9页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200205)。
关键词
生态放流
水库生态优化调度
长系列法
对策制定
ecological release
ecological optimal operation of reservoir
long series method
countermeasure formulation
作者简介
许拯民(1964-),男,副教授,博士,主要从事水资源系统分析研究。E-mail:xuzhengmin@ncwu.edu.cn;通信作者:雷冠军(1988-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事水文预报、水库调度研究。E-mail:leiguanjun521@126.com。
