非政府组织对南极环境决策的影响路径与中国因应被引量：2

Pathways of non-governmental organizations influence on Antarctic environmental decision-making and China’s response

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摘要环境治理既是南极国际治理的核心议题,又是各国锚定参与南极事务的关键目标之一。纵观南极环境决策机制,既有南极条约协商会议(ATCM)、南极环境保护委员会(CEP)以及南极海洋生物资源养护委员会(CCAMLR)等南极条约体系制定机构的引领,又有南极旅游组织者协会(IAATO)等活跃在南极的非政府组织的积极参与。非政府组织以其非政府性、非营利性和国际性的优势在制定行业规范、供给科学知识、参与议题设置、强化舆论引导等方面发挥了独有作用,进一步促进了南极环境决策机制的透明化和民主化。作为南极条约协商国,我国在参与南极环境治理时应辩证看待非政府组织所发挥的作用,既要关注其在南极造法进程中的重要贡献,又要警惕非政府组织“政府化”和“唯资本化”倾向对我国造成的扰动。此外,我国要以南极研究科学委员会(SCAR)为纽带加强同非政府组织在科学层面的合作,同时鼓励并引导国内社会组织参与南极事务,不断提升在南极治理中的话语权和国际地位。 Environmental governance is both a core issue in Antarctic international governance and one of the key goals for countries to anchor their participation in Antarctic affairs.Looking at the decision-making mechanisms for the Antarctic environment,there are leading institutions which developed the Antarctic Treaty system such as the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting(ATCM),the Committee for Environmental Protection(CEP),and the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources(CCAMLR).Additionally,there is active participation from non-governmental organizations(NGOs)such as the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators(IAATO)operating in Antarctica.NGOs have played a unique role in setting industry standards,providing scientific knowledge,participating in agenda-setting,and strengthening public opinion guidance,leveraging their advantages as non-governmental,non-profit,and international actors,further promoting the transparency and democratization of the Antarctic environmental decision-making mechanisms.As a Consultative Party to the Antarctic Treaty,China should adopt a dialectical view of the role played by NGOs in Antarctic environmental governance.While recognizing the important contributions of NGOs in Antarctica’s law-making process,we must also be mindful of the risks posed by the“governmentalization”and“capitalization”of NGOs.Moreover,China should leverage the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research(SCAR)as a channel for strengthening scientific cooperation with NGOs,and actively encourage and guide domestic social organizations to participate in Antarctic affairs,thus enhancing Antarctic discourse power and international status in Antarctic governance.

作者刘惠荣谢炘池 Liu Huirong;Xie Xinchi(Law School,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区中国海洋大学法学院

出处《极地研究》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第3期415-427,共13页 Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基金国家社会科学基金“海洋强国建设”重大专项课题(20VHQ001) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202261093)资助。

关键词南极条约体系非政府组织南极环境决策南极话语权中国因应 Antarctic Treaty System non-governmental organizations Antarctic environmental decisionmaking Antarctic discourse power China’s response