摘要
内在光敏性视网膜神经节细胞(ipRGC)是近20a来新发现的一类感光细胞。它们通过视色素黑视蛋白发挥感光功能,并将光信号传递至非成像功能脑区如视交叉上核(SCN)、橄榄前盖核(OPN)以控制昼夜节律光夹带和瞳孔对光反射;还有少部分信号投射至大脑成像区域如背外侧膝状核(dLGN)和上丘(SC)参与成像视觉。目前已发现6种ipRGC亚型(M1~M6),每种亚型都具有独特的形态和生理特性。这些细胞除了接收来自视杆细胞和视锥细胞的信号输入,也在视网膜内部通过化学突触和电突触调节视网膜内信号转导,在视觉信号传递和视觉发育中发挥重要作用。研究发现ipRGC与多种眼科及全身性疾病存在重要联系。由此可见这是一类复杂且重要的细胞类型,本文从ipRGC的发现、一般生理特性、信号转导和与疾病的关系等多方面进行综述。
A brand-new class of photoreceptors has been identified in the past 20a:intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGC).With melanopsin as its photopigment,ipRGCs transmit light signals to non-imaging brain regions like the suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN)and the olivary pretectal nucleus(OPN)to regulate circadian photoentrainment and pupillary light reflex;a small portion of the signals are projected to brain imaging regions like the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus(dLGN)and superior colliculus(SC),to participate in imaging vision.There are six different ipRGC subtypes(M1~M6),each with its own morphological and physiological characteristics.In addition to receiving signaling inputs from the rods and cones,ipRGCs also regulate retinal signals through chemical and electrical synapses and play important roles in visual signaling and visual development.It has been discovered that ipRGCs are implicated in several systemic and ocular illnesses.Overall,various aspects of ipRGC are reviewed including the discovery,general physiological properties,signaling,and the relationship with disease in this work.
作者
凌颖
毕爱玲
毕宏生
Ying Ling;Ai-Ling Bi;Hong-Sheng Bi(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,Shandong Province,China;Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine、Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy、Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmology and Children Visual Impairment Prevention and Control、Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center of Visual Intelligence、Shandong Institute of Children Health and Myopia Prevention and Control、Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine for Eye Diseases,Jinan 250002,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《国际眼科杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第10期1648-1652,共5页
International Eye Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1710203)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.82074498)。
关键词
内在光敏性视网膜神经节细胞
黑视蛋白
昼夜节律
非成像视觉功能
intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
melanopsin
circadian rhythm
non-imaging-forming visual functions
作者简介
凌颖,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:眼视光学、视觉神经科学;通讯作者:毕爱玲,博士,硕士研究生导师,副研究员,研究方向:神经眼科学、视觉神经科学.biailing2004@hotmail.com。
