摘要
目的研究泌乳启动延迟产妇的产后6个月母乳喂养影响因素。方法以2021年1月至2021年12月重庆市大足区3家医院泌乳启动延迟产妇作为研究对象,描述性分析泌乳启动延迟产妇的年龄、职业、产次、分娩方式、生产孕周、乳头扁平/凹陷、吸吮频率、泌乳延迟时间、产后焦虑、产后抑郁、产后疲乏等情况,通过微信、电话、线上问卷等方式跟踪随访产妇产后6个月母乳喂养状况,通过单因素、多因素分析方法分析泌乳启动延迟产妇产后6个月持续母乳喂养的影响因素。结果1064名泌乳启动延迟产妇中以≥35岁、初产妇、剖宫产者明显居多,分别占62.12%、66.92%、56.02%。产后6个月内母乳喂养率20.58%(219/1064),不同年龄、产次、乳头扁平/凹陷、吸吮频率、泌乳延迟时间、产后焦虑、产后抑郁、产后疲乏、母乳喂养健康宣教情况的泌乳启动延迟产妇产后6个月母乳喂养率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示年龄(OR=0.394)、产次(OR=1.050)、乳头扁平/凹陷(OR=0.409)、吸吮频率(OR=3.904)、泌乳延迟时间(OR=0.386)、产后焦虑(OR=0.561)、产后抑郁(OR=0.692)、产后疲乏(OR=0.489)、母乳喂养健康宣教(OR=1.881)是泌乳启动延迟产妇产后6个月持续母乳喂养的影响因素。结论重庆市大足区泌乳启动延迟产妇产后6个月母乳喂养率有待提高,其受到多种因素影响,应识别高危人群并加强针对性干预,如通过母乳喂养指导、产后心理疏导及产后早期疲乏评估等提高泌乳启动延迟的产妇产后6个月母乳喂养率,促进母乳喂养持续性提高。
Objective To study the influencing factors of breastfeeding within six months among postpartum women with delayed lactation initiation.Methods Taking postpartum women with delayed lactation initiation from three hospitals in Dazu District,Chongqing City,from January 2021 to December 2021 for this study.The age,occupation,delivery times,delivery mode,gestational week,nipple flat/sag,suckling frequency,delayed lactation time,postpartum anxiety,postpartum depression,postpartum fatigue,and other conditions of women with delayed lactation initiation were descriptive analyzed.Using WeChat,telephone,and online questionnaires to followed the breastfeeding status of postpartum women for six months and analyzed the influencing factors of continued breastfeeding for postpartum women with delayed lactation initiation through univariate and multivariate analysis methods.Results Among the 1064 cases of delayed lactation initiation,the majority were≥35 years old,primipara,and cesarean section,accounting for 62.12%,66.92%and 56.02%,respectively.The breastfeeding rate within six months after delivery was 20.58%(219/1064).There were statistically significant differences in breastfeeding rates within six months after delivery among women with delayed lactation initiation with different ages,delivery times,nipple flat/sag,suckling frequency,delayed lactation time,postpartum anxiety,postpartum depression,postpartum fatigue,and breastfeeding education(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age(OR=0.394),delivery times(OR=1.050),nipple flat/sag(OR=0.409),suckling frequency(OR=3.904),delayed lactation time(OR=0.386),postpartum anxiety(OR=0.561),postpartum depression(OR=0.692),postpartum fatigue(OR=0.489),and breastfeeding education(OR=1.881)were influencing factors of breastfeeding within 6 months after delivery among women with delayed lactation initiation.Conclusions In Dazu District of Chongqing,the breastfeeding rate among postpartum women with delayed lactation initiation needs to be improved,which is caused by multiple factors.Therefore,high-risk groups should be identified and targeted interventions should be strengthened,such as providing breastfeeding guidance,postpartum psychological counseling and early fatigue assessment to improve the breastfeeding rate among women with delayed lactation initiation within six months after delivery,and to promote long-term breastfeeding improvement.
作者
骆琴
张林欢
陈明环
骆家美
何圣华
LUO Qin;ZHANG Linhuan;CHEN Minghuan;LUO Jiamei;HE Shenghua(Dazu District People's Hospital,Chongqing 402360,China;The Third People’s Hospital of Dazu District;Dazu District Sanqu Center Hospital)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2023年第5期596-599,603,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
泌乳启动延迟
产妇
母乳喂养
影响因素
Delayed lactation initiation
Postpartum woman
Breastfeeding
Influencing factor
作者简介
骆琴(1979-),女,大学本科,主管护师,研究方向:妇产科护理;通讯作者:张林欢,E-mail:15023119194@163.com。
