摘要
小麦旗叶是进行光合作用的主要功能叶,对产量有着重要贡献。为了解小麦旗叶形态的遗传机制,挖掘旗叶形态相关性状的候选基因,本研究采用300份小麦品种(系),结合90K SNP基因芯片对5种环境下正常灌溉(NI)和干旱胁迫(DS)条件下的旗叶长、宽、面积进行全基因组关联分析。结果表明,旗叶长、宽、面积在2种水分处理下表现出显著差异(P<0.05),在不同的环境下表现出丰富的表型变异,变异系数为0.07-0.23。全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)结果显示,共检测到37个与旗叶长、宽、面积显著相关的稳定遗传位点,分布于1D、2A、2B、3A、3D、4A、5A、5B、6A、6B、7A、7B染色体上,单个SNP位点可解释遗传变异为3.70%-9.05%,其中正常灌溉下检测到22个稳定遗传位点,干旱胁迫下检测到15个稳定遗传位点。2种处理下共同检测到的稳定遗传位点有8个,位于2B、3A、5A、6A、7A、7B染色体上。在2B、3A、6A、7A染色体上检测到5个同时与多个性状相关联的稳定遗传位点。对稳定遗传且贡献率较大的标记处进行单倍型分析,发现与旗叶长显著相关的Kukri_c1406_275(R^(2)=9.05%)标记存在FLL-Hap1、FLL-Hap2和FLL-Hap3三种单倍型,与旗叶面积显著相关的wsnp_bq170165A_Ta_1_1(R^(2)=7.88%)标记同样存在FLA-Hap1、FLA-Hap2和FLA-Hap3三种单倍型。结合表型分析,在300份冬小麦品种(系)中含有FLL-Hap1(出现频率为77.78%)或FLL-Hap2(18.89%)单倍型品种(系)的旗叶长显著高于含有FLL-Hap3(3.33%)单倍型品种(系)的旗叶长,含有FLA-Hap1(48.19%)单倍型品种(系)的旗叶面积显著高于含有FLA-Hap2(30.80%)或FLA-Hap3(21.01%)单倍型品种(系)的旗叶面积(P<0.05)。不同单倍型在不同冬小麦品种(系)中分布不同,单倍型FLL-Hap1在国外品种(系)占比较大,单倍型FLL-Hap2、FLL-Hap3分别在北部冬麦区和西南冬麦区占比较大。单倍型FLA-Hap1和FLA-Hap2分别在西南冬麦区和北部冬麦区出现频率较高,单倍型FLA-Hap3在所有冬麦区无较高出现频率。对多环境下检测到的稳定遗传位点进行候选基因挖掘,筛选出5个与旗叶形态相关的候选基因,这些候选基因可作为旗叶相关性状重要基因。
The flag leaf of wheat is the primary functional leaf for photosynthesis and contributes significantly to yield.Therefore,it is essential to investigate the genetic process of flag leaf morphology and identify the candidate genes for flag leaf morpho¬logy-related features.We combined 90K SNP gene chips and 300 wheat varieties(lines)for genome-wide association analysis of flag leaf length,width,and area under normal irrigation(NI),and drought stress(DS)conditions in five environments.The results showed that flag leaf length,width,and area exhibited significant differences between the two moisture treatments and displayed rich phenotypic variation with the coefficients of variation ranging from 0.07-0.23 in different environments(P<0.05).Moreover,genome-wide association study(GWAS)revealed that a total of 37 stable genetic loci were significantly associated with flag leaf length,width,and area.These loci were distributed on chromosomes 1D,2A,2B,3A,3D,4A,5A,5B,6A,6B,7A,and 7B,with individual SNP loci explaining 3.70%-9.05%of the genetic variation,including 22 stable genetic loci detected under normal irrigation and 15 stable genetic loci detected under drought stress.Eight stable genetic loci at the same time detected under both water treatments were discovered on chromosomes 2B,3A,5A,6A,7A,and 7B,while the five stable genetic loci related by several traits were simultaneously detected on chromosomes 2B,3A,6A,and 7A.By analyzing haplotypes at markers with stable inheritance and high contribution,it was found that the Kukri_c1406_275(R^(2)=9.05%)marker was significantly associated with flag leaf length,with three haplotypes of FLL-Hap1,FLL-Hap2,and FLL-Hap3,and the wsnp_bq170165A_Ta_1_1(R^(2)=7.88%)marker was also detected in three haplotypes,FLA-Hap1,FLA-Hap2,and FLA-Hap3.In combination with phenotypic analysis,the flag leaf length of 300 winter wheat varieties(lines)containing FLL-Hap1(77.78%frequency of occurrence)or FLL-Hap2(18.89%)haplotypes was significantly higher than that of FLL-Hap3(3.33%)haplotypes.The flag leaf area was significantly higher in haplotypes containing FLA-Hap1(48.19%)than in haplotypes containing FLA-Hap2(30.80%)or FLA-Hap3(21.01%)(P<0.05).Different haplotypes were distributed differently in different winter wheat varieties(lines).Haplotype FLL-Hap1 was more frequently distributed in foreign varieties(lines),while haplotypes FLL-Hap2 and FLL-Hap3 were more frequently distributed in the northern winter wheat region and the southwestern winter wheat region,respectively.Haplotypes FLA-Hap1 and FLA-Hap2 were more frequently distributed in the southwestern winter wheat region and the northern winter wheat region,respectively,while haplotypes FLA-Hap3 were no more frequently distributed in all winter wheat regions.Searching for stable genetic loci under both water treatments yielded and screening of five candidate genes associated with flag leaf morphology,which could be used as the important genes for flag leaf-related traits.
作者
王睿
任毅
程宇坤
王伟
张志辉
耿洪伟
WANG Rui;REN Yi;CHENG Yu-Kun;WANG Wei;ZHANG Zhi-Hui;GENG Hong-Wei(College of Agronomy/Special High Quality Triticeae Crops Engineering and Technology Research Center,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Wheat Industry System Innovation Team,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000,Henan,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期2886-2901,共16页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项项目(2022B02001-3)资助。
关键词
小麦
旗叶形态性状
全基因组关联分析
单倍型
候选基因
wheat
morphological characters of flag leaf
genome-wide association analysis
haplotype
candidate genes
作者简介
通信作者:耿洪伟,E-mail:hw-geng@163.com;第一作者:王睿,E-mail:506829570@qq.com。
