摘要
2005年《科学》杂志刊登的《正在到来的物证鉴定科学范式转变》指出,传统的法庭科学正走向一种新的科学范式。同一认定理论作为传统范式的理论基础在国内不同时期有着不同的内容构成和适用领域。本文对比了国内外的同一认定理论,指出该理论在理论基础和实践应用中的不足,以及新鉴定范式转变的可行性。在同一认定理论的再检视中,提出同一认定理论宜限定在物证鉴定领域,刑事印证证明模式可以涵盖侦查学领域和司法证明领域的同一认定理论,并进一步提出了加强物证鉴定领域基础理论研究的路径。
In a 2005 paper published in the Science entitled The Coming Paradigm Shift in Forensic Identification Science,the author pointed out that the traditional forensic science is moving towards a new scientific paradigm.The theory of individualization,as the theoretical basis of traditional paradigm,portrays different contents and application fields in different periods in China.By comparing the theory of individualization at home and abroad,this paper points out the deficiencies of the theory in its theoretical basis and practical application,and the feasibility of the new shift of the identification paradigm.In the re-examination of the individualization theory,this paper proposes that the individualization theory should be limited to the field of forensic identification science,and the corroboration mode of proof can cover the individualization theory in the field of criminal investigation and judicial proof.Further,this paper puts forward the path of enhancing the research of basic theories in the field of forensic science.
作者
张翠玲
王勇
Zhang Cuiling;Wang Yong(School of Criminal Investigation,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China;Chongqing Institutes of Higher Education Key Forensic Science Laboratory,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《证据科学》
2023年第3期359-371,共13页
Evidence Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“基于统计模型和概率评价的司法语音研究”(16AYY015)
重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金项目“基于深度学习的伪造语音检测关键技术研究”(2022NSCQ-LZX0094)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
同一认定理论
物证鉴定
范式转变
侦查
司法证明
Theory of individualization
Forensic science
Paradigm shift
Criminal investigation
Judicial proof
作者简介
张翠玲,西南政法大学教授,研究方向:法庭科学;王勇,西南政法大学博士研究生,研究方向:法庭科学。
