摘要
背景:长链非编码RNA作为炎症反应的重要调节因子,可参与缺血性脑卒中后免疫-炎症-脑串扰机制,具有成为治疗缺血性脑卒中后神经功能障碍的潜能。目的:将长链非编码RNA作用神经胶质细胞参与缺血性脑卒中后神经免疫炎症级联反应的分子机制及其调控的相关信号通路进行分析总结,指出长链非编码RNA具有调节缺血性卒中后炎症的潜力。方法:以“ischemic stroke,long non-coding RNA,neuroinflammation,immune function,signal pathway,microglia,astrocytes,oligodendrocyte,mechanism”为检索词在PubMed数据库中进行检索,最终纳入63篇相关文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①在缺血性脑卒中发生早期,神经细胞因缺血缺氧死亡激活大脑先天免疫应答,促进炎症因子的分泌,诱导血脑屏障损伤及一系列炎症级联反应的发生。②神经免疫炎症级联反应作为缺血性脑卒中的重要发病因素,已被证实严重影响缺血性脑卒中患者的预后,需要在发病早期及时抑制。③缺血性脑卒中后神经炎症通常诱导大量长链非编码RNA的异常表达,这些长链非编码RNA通过调节小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞的极化介导一系列神经-免疫-炎症串扰机制,发挥脑卒中后神经保护作用。④长链非编码RNA作为炎症反应的重要调节因子,通过调控核转录因子κB、长链非编码RNA-miRNA-mRNA轴、Rho-ROCK、MAPK、AKT及ERK等信号通路抑制缺血性脑卒中后神经免疫炎症级联反应,有效改善缺血性脑卒中后神经功能损伤。⑤大多数长链非编码RNA与缺血性脑卒中相互作用的实验研究中是基于大脑中动脉闭塞模型或者脑缺血再灌注损伤模型进行的,并未进行临床试验,所以关于长链非编码RNA是否可以安全应用到临床治疗中还有待进一步探索。⑥目前有关治疗缺血性脑卒中的药物有许多,但是通过组织工程技术应用长链非编码RNA及外泌体等移植技术治疗缺血性脑卒中的研究相对较少,还需进一步探索。⑦长链非编码RNA以其相对稳定性和高度特异性的特点成为治疗缺血性脑卒中的重要靶点。在未来的研究中应继续探索更多在缺血缺氧条件下发挥作用的炎性长链非编码RNA类型,以期为治疗缺血性脑卒中后神经炎症提供新的研究方向。
BACKGROUND:Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),as important regulators of the inflammatory response,are involved in the immune-inflammation-brain crosstalk mechanism after ischemic stroke and have the potential to become a therapeutic agent for neurological dysfunction after ischemic stroke.OBJECTIVE:To analyze and summarize the molecular mechanism of lncRNA acting on glial cells involved in the neuroimmuno-inflammatory cascade response after ischemic stroke and the associated signaling pathways,pointing out that lncRNAs have the potential to regulate inflammation after ischemic stroke.METHODS:PubMed was searched using the search terms of“ischemic stroke,long non-coding RNA,neuroinflammation,immune function,signal pathway,microglia,astrocytes,oligodendrocyte,mechanism,”and 63 relevant documents were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the early stage of ischemic stroke,the death of nerve cells due to ischemia and hypoxia activates the innate immune response of the brain,promoting the secretion of inflammatory factors and inducing blood-brain barrier damage and a series of inflammatory cascades responses.As an important pathogenesis factor in ischemic stroke,the neuroimmuno-inflammatory cascade has been proved to seriously affect the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke,and it needs to be suppressed promptly in the early stage.Neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke usually induces abnormal expression of a large number of lncRNAs that mediate a series of neuro-immune-inflammatory crosstalk mechanisms through regulating the polarization of microglia,astrocytes and oligodendrocytes to exert post-stroke neuroprotective effects.LncRNAs,as important regulatory factors of the inflammatory response,inhibit the neuroimmuno-inflammatory cascade response after ischemic stroke through regulating nuclear factor-κB,lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis,Rho-ROCK,MAPK,AKT,ERK and other signaling pathways to effectively improve neurological impairment after ischemic stroke.Most of experimental studies on the interaction between lncRNAs and ischemic stroke are based on a middle cerebral artery occlusion model or a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model,but no clinical trials have been conducted.Therefore,it remains to be further explored about whether lncRNAs can be safely applied in clinical practice.At present,there are many therapeutic drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke,but there are relatively few studies on the application of lncRNAs,exosomes and other transplantation technologies for the treatment of ischemic stroke using tissue engineering technology,which need to be further explored.lncRNA has become an important target for the treatment of ischemic stroke with its relative stability and high specificity.In future studies,more types of inflammatory lncRNAs that function under ischemic-hypoxia conditions should continue to be explored,in order to provide new research directions for the treatment of neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.
作者
万俊
白艳杰
王岩
陈淑颖
陈丽敏
肖雨倩
孙可心
Wan Jun;Bai Yanjie;Wang Yan;Chen Shuying;Chen Limin;Xiao Yuqian;Sun Kexin(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan Province,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第20期3265-3271,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
河南省中医药科学研究专项重点课题(20-21ZY1009),项目负责人:白艳杰
河南省中医药传承与创新人才工程(仲景工程)中医药学科拔尖人才(CZ0237-08),项目负责人:白艳杰
河南省科技攻关计划(222102310529),项目负责人:白艳杰
河南省卫健委国家中医临床研究基地科研专项(2022JDZX005),项目负责人:白艳杰
河南省中医药拔尖人才培养项目专项课题(2022ZYBJ07),项目负责人:白艳杰。
作者简介
第一作者:万俊,女,1998年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,河南中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事脑卒中后认知障碍相关研究,https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7630-2614;通讯作者:白艳杰,副主任医师,研究生导师,河南中医药大学第一附属医院,河南省郑州市450000。
