摘要
分析了国内外基于模型的系统工程、体系工程、数字孪生和数字工程在卫星工程上的发展过程,从系统论的角度提出了狭义数字孪生卫星的概念,不同单位、不同人解决不同问题时,要根据问题的需要,调整各组成部分的仿真粒度,形成研究问题的数字工具。这些数字工具都具有系统完整性,都是数字孪生卫星概念的实例化外延。提出了用所有岗位构建应用和交流成果的总工作量来度量数字孪生卫星构建应用平台开放性的概念,分别从建模和使用模式、星上源代码一致性、卫星集群多平台分布式仿真3个方面给出了平台的开放性度量准则。针对软件平台开放性设计目标,论述了数字孪生卫星构建应用平台专用的开放性设计技术,包括软件层次模块划分、多粒度模型库、建模和模型管理工具包。通过工程实践案例,证明了开放性度量准则可以有效评估数字孪生卫星建模和模型管理的总工作量,为各单位的平台设计和研制过程的各种决策提供依据。
The development processes of model-based system engineering,system engineering,digital twin,and digital engineering in satellite engineering are analyzed.The narrow digital twin satellite concept is proposed from the perspective of system theory.When a digital tool is developed to solve a problem,the simulation granularity of each component should be adjusted according to the need of the problem.All digital tools have the characteristic of system integrity,and are instantiated extrapolations of the digital twin satellite concept.Furthermore,a concept is proposed to measure the openness of the digital twin satellite building application platform by calculating the total workload of building applications and communicating the results for all positions.The openness measurement criteria of the platform are given from three aspects,i.e.,modeling and usage mode,onboard source code consistency,and distributed multi-platform simulation for satellite clusters.Aiming at the open design goal for the software platform,the open design technology dedicated to the construction of a digital twin satellite application platform is discussed,including software hierarchy division,multi-granularity model library,modeling,and model management toolkit.Through practical engineering cases,the openness measurement is demonstrated to be a reliable means of evaluating the total workload associated with digital twin satellite modeling and model management,which may serve as a basis for various decisions in the platform design and development process of each unit.
作者
董云峰
孙运江
李智
DONG Yunfeng;SUN Yunjiang;LI Zhi(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)
出处
《上海航天（中英文）》
CSCD
2023年第4期1-14,共14页
Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）
关键词
基于模型的系统工程
数字孪生
卫星
平台
开放性
model-based system engineering
digital twin
satellite
platform
openness
作者简介
董云峰(1965-),男,博士,博士生导师,教授,主要研究方向为航天器总体设计技术、航天器动力学与控制技术、飞行器动态模拟技术。
