摘要
聚焦铝合金在海洋环境中的应力腐蚀行为及影响因素,讨论了海洋环境中铝合金的应力腐蚀机理。海洋环境下铝合金应力腐蚀开裂(stress corrosion cracking,SCC)的形成主要受氢致开裂和阳极溶解过程控制。铝合金的SCC过程可分为4个阶段:铝合金表面钝化膜破裂和点蚀阶段、裂纹萌生阶段、钝化膜的再生与溶解动态平衡阶段以及裂纹扩展阶段。铝合金的合金成分、热处理工艺可以控制其显微组织结构,其中第二相粒子对铝合金的SCC过程起主要作用。海洋环境的温度、pH值、离子种类和浓度等因素也会影响铝合金的SCC行为。结合常用合金元素在铝合金基体中的存在形式及作用、热处理工艺对铝合金应力腐蚀行为影响,以及海洋环境的特点,总结了铝合金在海洋大气、海水环境中的应力腐蚀失效机理,为铝合金在海洋环境中的应用提供应力腐蚀机理解释与分析依据。
This paper focuses on the stress corrosion behavior and influencing factors of aluminum alloy in marine environment,and discusses the stress corrosion mechanism of aluminum alloy in marine environment.The stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of aluminum alloy in marine environment is mainly controlled by hydrogen induced cracking and anodic dissolution process.The SCC process of aluminum alloy can be divided into four stages:aluminum alloy surface passivation film rupture and pitting stage,crack initiation stage,passivation film regeneration and dissolution dynamic equilibrium stage and crack propagation stage.The microstructure of aluminum alloy can be controlled by the alloy composition and heat treatment process,and the second phase particles in aluminum alloy play an important role in the SCC process of aluminum alloy.The SCC behavior of aluminum alloy is also affected by the temperature,pH value,ion type and concentration of marine environment.This paper summarizes the failure mechanism of stress corrosion of aluminum alloy in ocean atmosphere and seawater environment by analyzing the existence form and function of common alloying elements in aluminum alloy matrix,the influence of heat treatment process on stress corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy,and the characteristics of marine environment.It provides the basis for explaining and analyzing the mechanism of stress corrosion of aluminum alloy in marine environment.
作者
展旭和
王海龙
丁小明
张天翼
高林星
刘超
ZHAN Xuhe;WANG Hailong;DING Xiaoming;ZHANG Tianyi;GAO Linxing;LIU Chao(National Innovation Center of High Speed Train,Qingdao 370214,China;AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Aviation Materials National Innovation(Qingdao)High Speed Railway Materials Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Qingdao 370214,China;Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute,Shanghai 201109,China)
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期662-668,共7页
Materials China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51871024)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-TP-19-030A1)。
关键词
铝合金
应力腐蚀
海洋环境
热处理工艺
应力腐蚀机理
aluminum alloy
stress corrosion
marine environment
heat treatment process
stress corrosion mechanism
作者简介
第一作者:展旭和,男,1985年生,高级工程师;通讯作者:刘超,男,1988年生,副研究员,硕士生导师,Email:liuchaoustb@163.com。
