摘要
吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)是一种相对少见,但可危及患者性命的累及周围神经和神经根的免疫介导性疾病,常由感染诱发。其临床特征为急性起病的对称性迟缓性瘫痪,部分患者可出现呼吸衰竭,很多伴有自主神经功能损害。通常可根据临床症状作出诊断,腰椎穿刺和电生理检查可协助诊断,并帮助进行亚型分类。目前较公认的关于GBS的发病机制为分子模拟学说,即病原微生物诱导产生针对神经节苷脂的交叉抗体。GBS的治疗方案为静脉注射免疫球蛋白或血浆置换以及一般的临床治疗。多数患者预后良好,数周至数月基本恢复,少数患者遗留持久神经功能障碍甚至死亡。
Guillain-Barrésyndrome(GBS)is a rare,but potentially fatal,immune-mediated disease of the peripheral nerves and nerve roots,which is usually triggered by infections.It is characterized by rapidly progressive,symmetrical weakness of the extremities.Some patients develop respiratory insufficiency and many show signs of autonomic dysfunction.Diagnosis can usually be made on clinical grounds,but lumbar puncture and electrophysiological studies can help to substantiate the diagnosis and to differentiate demyelinating from axonal subtypes of GBS.Molecular mimicry of pathogen-borne antigens,leading to generation of crossreactive antibodies that also target gangliosides,is generally accepted pathogenesis of GBS.The treatment of GBS is intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange with general clinical treatment.Most patients have a good prognosis and basically recover within weeks to months.A few patients have persistent neurological dysfunction or even death.
作者
郭军红
庞效敏
Guo Junhong;Pang Xiaomin(Department of Neurology,the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)
出处
《中华神经科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期924-931,共8页
Chinese Journal of Neurology
作者简介
通信作者:郭军红,Email:neuroguo@163.com。
