摘要
实现高质量茶鲜叶机械化采收是今后茶叶产业转变生产方式、应对采茶人工老龄化、增强国内外市场竞争力的重要突破口,也是名优茶产业实现全程机械化、规模化和标准化的必由之路。文章总结了中国茶鲜叶采收装备研制现状,将当前茶鲜叶采收机械化装备根据机械采收运动方式划分为剪切式、折断式和提拉式,对其研究进展进行了综述;并在此基础上,结合茶叶机械化采收技术的应用场景,将我国茶鲜叶机械化采收技术归纳为无差别剪切统收技术、选择性采收技术和精准智能采收技术;并提出茶鲜叶机械化采收装备和技术发展建议,为促进名优茶产业发展的采收机械装备研发和机采新技术推广应用提供参考。
The development and technology of mechanized harvesting equipment for fresh tea leaves is an important problem restricting the development of tea industry in China at present.Realizing mechanized harvesting of high-quality fresh tea leaves is an important breakthrough for tea industry to change its production mode in the future,cope with the aging of tea picking workers and enhance its competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets,and it is also the only way for famous tea industry to realize full mechanization,scale and standardization.This paper summarized the present situation of tea fresh leaf harvesting equipment in China,divided the current tea fresh leaf harvesting mechanized equipment into shearing,breaking and lifting according to the mechanical harvesting movement mode,and summarized their research progresses.On this basis,combined with the application scenarios of tea mechanized harvesting technology,the tea fresh leaf mechanized harvesting technology in China was summarized into undifferentiated shearing,unified harvesting technology,selective harvesting technology and precise intelligent harvesting technology.This paper also put forward some suggestions on the development of tea fresh leaf mechanized harvesting equipment and technology,which provided reference for the research and development of harvesting machinery equipment and the popularization and application of new mechanical harvesting technology to promote the development of famous tea industry.
作者
黄海涛
毛宇骁
李红莉
郑旭霞
赵芸
HUANG Haitao;MAO Yuxiao;LI Hongli;ZHENG Xuxia;ZHAO Yun(Tea Research Institute,Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China)
出处
《中国茶叶》
2023年第8期18-23,31,共7页
China Tea
基金
国家茶叶产业技术体系(CARS-19)
浙江省农业重大技术协同推广项目(2022XTTGCY03-06)
杭州市农业与社会发展重点项目(202203A06)
杭州市农科院创新项目(2022HNCT-04)。
关键词
茶鲜叶
机械化采收
装备
智能采收
fresh tea leaves
mechanized harvesting
equipment
intelligent harvesting
作者简介
黄海涛,男,高级农艺师,主要从事茶树育种与栽培技术研究,E-mail:hthuang309@hotmaill.com。
