摘要
飞速发展的城镇化进程,使得城市建筑物数量繁多且密度增大,密集建筑物下的城市洪涝情况变得更加复杂,给城市洪涝模拟带来了严峻的挑战。城市水文模型是城市洪涝研究的关键手段,基于洪水分析软件IFMS,以广州市天河区猎德涌流域为例,构建城市管网和地表二维耦合模型并以实测资料对其进行验证,后采用高精度数字表面模型(DSM)分别对10、20、30、50 m分辨率的网格进行高程插值,选定以建筑物为研究对象时模拟精度最高的网格分辨率;在选取最佳网格分辨率后,采用高精度数字高程模型(DEM)和DSM插值网格高程,通过用DSM刻画地表建筑物与DEM形成对比情景,探索密集建筑物下城市洪涝的现状情况。结果表明:当网格分辨率从10 m增加到50 m时,淹没水深变得更大,淹没范围变得更广,使得洪涝情况变得更加严重;在密集建筑物情况下,淹没面积占比从15.46%缩小到6.67%,最大淹没水深从0.20 m增大到1.78 m。结论如下:在针对建筑物的城市洪涝模拟研究中,网格分辨率应该考虑实际建筑物宽度,选取网格分辨率为10 m时模拟效果最佳;密集建筑物会缩小淹没范围,加快汇流速度,加大洪涝淹没水深;相对DEM插值情况,采用DSM插值能够更真实的反应当下城市地表特征,提高模拟精度。研究结论可为城市的建设开发提供科学依据。
The rapid development of urbanization has led to a large number of urban buildings and increased density.Dense buildings make the urban flood situation more complicated and bring rigorous challenges to urban flood simulation.The urban hydrological model is a key means of urban flood research.an urban pipe network and 2-D surface coupled model are constructed by flood analysis software Integrated Flood Modeling System(IFMS)in Liedechong watershed,Tianhe District,Guangzhou,and it is validated with experimental data.Then the high resolution digital surface model(DSM)is used to perform elevation interpolation on the grids with resolutions10,20,30 and 50 m,respectively.After the best grid resolution has been selected and buildings have been selected as the research object,the high resolution digital elevation model(DEM)and DSM are used to interpolate the grid elevation,and the situation of urban flood under dense buildings is explored by comparing the surface buildings depicted with DEM.The results show that when the grid resolution increases from 10 to 50 m,the inundation water depth become greater and the inundation range become wider,make the flood situation more serious.In the case of dense buildings,the proportion of inundation area increaseS from 15.46%decreases to 6.67%,and the maximum inundation water depth increases from 0.20 to 1.78 m.The conclusions are as follows:In the urban flood simulation research on buildings,the grid resolution should consider the actual building width,and the best simulation effect is when the grid resolution is 10 m;dense buildings reduce the inundation area and sped up concentration.The collected rainwater makes the drainage pipe network insufficient carrying capacity,resulting in overflows to form surface water and increase the depth of flood submerged water.Compared to interpolated with DEM,the use of DSM interpolated elevation can more truly reflect the current urban surface characteristics and improve simulation accuracy.The research conclusion can provide a scientific basis for urban construction and development.
作者
钟家民
贺嘉琦
邓镇业
周浩澜
彭旭
ZHONG Jia-min;HE Jia-qi;DENG Zhen-ye;ZHOU Hao-an;PENG Xu(Conservancy and Civil Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong Province,)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2023年第8期32-40,共9页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2020A1515010914)
广州市科技计划项目(202002030187)。
作者简介
钟家民(1996-),男,硕士,主要从事城市洪涝模拟。E-mail:jiamin_zhong@stu.scau.edu.cn;通讯作者:周浩澜(1979-),男,副教授,博士,主要从事水文模型、3s技术应用和水利信息系统开发。E-mail:haolan_zhou@scau.edu.cn。
