摘要
通过收集资料、现场走访等方式对遵义市古茶树开展调查,分析了古茶树的种类、数量、分布和生长情况。结果表明:遵义古茶树分布于习水县、凤冈县等10个县(市、区),资源储量为1881株,其中单株古茶树1844株,还有1个37株组成的古茶树群。共计3个种和变种,其中疏齿秃房茶(疏齿茶)Camellia gymnogyna var.remotiserrata数量最多,为1613株。古茶树树龄100~299年的三级古茶树有1873株、占99.575%,树龄在300~499年的二级古茶树有7株,树龄超过500年的一级古茶树仅有1株。古茶树树高主要为>5.0~≤10.0 m,株数占比为76.87%;树冠直径大部分为>3.0~≤7.0 m,占比达83.42%;地围在1.0 m及以下的最多,占比达91.65%。由于粗放的管理模式、保护措施不当、过度采茶等,导致部分古茶树树势衰弱、生境破坏。单一的古茶树资源利用模式,在一定程度上制约了古茶树资源的管护和开发利用。该调查初步摸清了遵义地区古茶树资源状况,讨论了古茶树资源面临的问题,并对其保护、管理及开发利用提出了一些合理建议。
The ancient tea plants were investigated in Zunyi City by collecting data and on⁃site visits.The species,quantity,distribution and growth status of ancient tea plants were analyzed.The results showed that the ancient tea plants in Zunyi were distributed in 10 counties such as Xishui and Fenggang.The total number of ancient tea plants is 1881,including 1844 single ancient tea plants,and an ancient tea plants group consisting of 37 individuals.There are 3 species and varieties in total,of which the largest number of Camellia gymnogyna var.remotiser⁃rata is 1613.There are 1873 third class ancient tea plants with tree age of 100-299 a(99.575%),7 second class ancient tea plants with tree age of 300-499 a,and only one first class ancient tea plant with tree age more than 500 a.The height and crown width of ancient tea plants are mainly concentrated in>5.0-≤10.0m and>3.0-≤7.0m respectively,with the number of plants accounting for 76.87%and 83.42%respec⁃tively.The ground diameter of ancient tea trees are mainly less than 1.0 m,accounting for 91.65%.Due to the extensive management pattern,improper protection measures and excessive tea picking,some ancient tea plants get weakened and their habitats have been damaged.The sin⁃gle utilization mode of ancient tea tree resources restricts the management,protection,development and utilization of theirs to a certain extent.This investigation preliminarily found out the situation of ancient tea plant resources in Zunyi,discussed the problems facing ancient tea plant resources,and put forward some reasonable suggestions for their protection,management,development and utilization.
作者
任雪敏
徐志文
展茂魁
叶晓红
李海
REN Xue-min;XU Zhi-wen;ZHAN Mao-kui(Zunyi Research Institute of Forestry Science,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000;Forestry Bureau of Zunyi City,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2023年第14期102-104,150,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合J字〔2022〕30号)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(黔科中引地〔2019〕4004号)。
关键词
古茶树
资源调查
保护对策
遵义市
Ancient tea plant
Resource investigation
Protection countermeasures
Zunyi
作者简介
任雪敏(1994-),女,云南祥云人,工程师,硕士,从事有害生物防治研究;通信作者:徐志文,工程师,硕士,从事农林资源保护与利用研究。
