摘要
The paper analyses the results of a survey of 37 Russian biosphere reserves using questionnaires concerning thepresence of alien species of mammals, their pathways of penetration, and their impacts on protected ecosystems.The penetration of alien mammals into terrestrial ecosystems of Russia is extensive, both in places with maximumhuman environmental impact (inhabited areas and agricultural lands) and in biosphere reserves with minimal humanimpact. There are 62 mammal species registered as alien in Russian ecosystems and they account for 22% of theterrestrial mammal fauna of Russia. The percentage of alien species in biosphere reserves is 32.6% at most. In mostregions, Castor fiber, Ondatra zibethicus, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Canis familiaris, Neovison vison and Susscrofa are very dangerous, and both Castor fiber and Sus scrofa can have environment-forming impacts.
基金
the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation(Federal Target Project:Impact Assessment of Alien Species on the Structure,Productivity,and Biodiversity of Russian Ecosystems),the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences(Programme:Biodiversity and Dynamics of Genepools,Project No.5.2.1
Fundamental Research Programme of the Department of Biological Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences Biological Resources of Russia:Fundamentals of Sustainable Use,Projects No.II.4.12 and II.4.7),the Russian Basic Research Foundation(Project No.08-04-01224à)。
作者简介
Correspondence:Valery M.NERONOV,A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution,Russian Academy of Sciences,Leninsky Prospect,33,119071,Moscow,Russia.Email:rusmabcom@gmail.ru。
