摘要
【目的】研究9个砧穗组合嫁接苗光合及叶绿素荧光参数的差异情况,为筛选生产上适宜栽培推广的葡萄优良砧穗组合提供理论依据。【方法】分别以‘5BB’‘1103P’‘山河1号’为砧木、以‘户太8号’‘苏欣1号’‘红地球’为接穗进行葡萄嫁接试验,对9个砧穗组合嫁接苗叶片的光合及叶绿素荧光参数的日变化趋势进行观测与分析。【结果】嫁接150 d后,9个砧穗组合的嫁接成活率的差异显著;其中,‘苏欣1号’/‘山河1号’组合的嫁接成活率最高,达74.33%;而‘红地球’/‘1103P’组合的嫁接成活率最低,比‘苏欣1号’/‘山河1号’组合的嫁接成活率低45.33%。9个砧穗组合嫁接苗叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均存在极显著差异,而其胞间CO_(2)浓度、水分利用效率和气孔限制值均无显著差异。9个砧穗组合嫁接苗叶片的最大荧光、PSⅡ最大光能转化效率、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性、实际光化学效率、非光化学猝灭系数均无显著性差异,而其初始荧光却存在极显著性差异。‘苏欣1号’/‘山河1号’组合和‘苏欣1号’/‘1103P’组合的实际光化学效率均较大;非光化学猝灭系数最高的砧穗组合是‘户太8号’/‘山河1号’组合,而非光化学猝灭系数最低的砧穗组合是‘红地球’/‘1103P’组合。相关性分析结果显示,嫁接成活率与净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈极显著正相关,其相关系数分别为0.912、0.807、0.924;而与各个叶绿素荧光参数均无显著相关性。【结论】嫁接150 d后,‘苏欣1号’/‘山河1号’组合的嫁接成活率最高,为74.33%;9个砧穗组合的嫁接苗在其正常生长期内叶片净光合速率的日变化曲线均表现为明显的双峰曲线。‘苏欣1号’/‘山河1号’组合和‘红地球’/‘山河1号’组合均有较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、PSⅡ最大光能转化效率、实际光化学效率和较低的非光化学猝灭系数,说明其光合性能均较强。
【Objective】The differences in photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of grafted seedlings of nine rootstock and scion combinations were explored,which provided a theoretical basis for screening the combination of excellent rootstocks of grapes suitable for cultivation and promotion in production.【Method】‘Hutai No.8’‘Suxin No.1’and‘Red Globe’were used as scions,and‘5BB’,‘1103P’and‘Shanhe No.1’as rootstocks.The effects of leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of nine different rootstock-scion combination grafted seedlings were measured.【Result】After grafted for 150 days,the grafted survival rate of nine root stock-scion combinations were significantly different.Among them,the highest survival rate was combination of‘Suxin No.1’/‘Shanhe No.1’,with a value of 74.33%;The survival rate of Red Globe/‘1103P’combination was the lowest,which was 45.33%lower than that of‘Suxin No.1’/‘Shanhe No.1’combination.The photosynthetic parameters of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance to H2O(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of grafted seedlings of nine rootstock-scion combinations were extremely significantly different,while the intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci),water use efficiency(RWUE)and limited stomatal value(Ls)were not significantly different.There were no significant differences in maximum fluorescence under dark adaptation(Fm),maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(R),potential photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(CNPQ)of the leaves of the nine rootstock and scion combinations grafted seedlings,while there was significant difference in the initial fluorescence under dark adaptation(Fo).The comprehensive activity of actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)in‘Suxin No.1’/‘Shanhe No.1’and‘Suxin No.1’/‘1103P’combination were higher.The rootstock-scion combination with the highest non-photochemical quenching coefficient(CNPQ)was‘Hutai No.8’/‘Shanhe No.1’,and the combination with the lowest non-photochemical quenching coefficient(CNPQ)was‘Red Globe’/‘1103P’.Correlation analysis showed that the grafted survival rates was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance to H2O(GS)and transpiration rate(Tr),and the correlation coefficients were 0.912,0.807 and 0.924.But not significantly correlated with chlorophyll fluorescence parameter.【Conclusion】After grafted for 150 days,the highest survival rate was of‘Suxin No.1’/‘Shanhe No.1’combination,with a value of 74.33%,and the daily changes of net photosynthetic rate(Pn)in each rootstock-scion combination showed a significant“double peak”curve during the normal growth period.The combination of‘Suxin No.1’/‘Shanhe No.1’and‘Red Globe’/‘Shanhe No.1’had higher net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(R),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)and lower non-photochemical quenching coefficient(CNPQ),indicating that their photosynthetic performance was stronger.
作者
刘春燕
侯毅兴
马丽花
薛婧
郭雅文
周龙
LIU Chunyan;HOU Yixing;MA Lihua;XUE Jing;GUO Yawen;ZHOU Long(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2023年第2期194-204,共11页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2020B01003)。
关键词
葡萄
砧穗组合
光合特性
叶绿素荧光参数
grapes
rootstock-scion combination
photosynthetic characteristics
chlorophyll fluorescence
作者简介
第一作者:刘春燕(15292429643@163.com),讲师,硕士;通信作者:周龙(zhoulong2004@126.com),教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
