摘要
本试验旨在研究中药养胃粉发酵饲料(FST)对脂多糖(LPS)应激黄羽肉鸡免疫功能、肠道挥发性脂肪酸和微生物区系的影响。选择1日龄黄羽肉鸡360只,随机分为3组,分别为FST0组(基础饲粮)、FST1000组(基础饲粮+1 000 mg/kg FST)和FST2000组(基础饲粮+2 000 mg/kg FST),每组8个重复,每个重复15只,统计不同阶段(1~35日龄、36~70日龄和1~70日龄)的生长性能。70日龄时从FST0组和FST1000组的每个重复中选择8只肉鸡,分别记为LPS组和LPS+FST组,在71、73、75日龄腹腔注射1 000μg/kg BW LPS;FST0组剩余肉鸡(每个重复7只)记为CON组,在71、73、75日龄腹腔注射等体积的生理盐水。在75日龄LPS应激处理3 h后屠宰取样。结果显示:1)饲粮添加1 000 mg/kg FST可以显著降低36~70日龄和1~70日龄肉鸡的料重比(F/G),提示1 000 mg/kg是FST在肉鸡饲粮中的最佳添加剂量。2)与CON组相比,LPS组胸腺指数和法氏囊指数显著降低(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素-10(IL-10)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白Y(IgY)含量显著降低(P <0.05);与LPS组相比,LPS+FST组肉鸡血清IL-1β、IL-2和TNF-α含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清IL-10和IgA、IgM、IgY含量显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,LPS组盲肠内容物中异丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸的含量显著降低(P<0.05);与LPS组相比,LPS+FST组盲肠内容物中上述挥发性脂肪酸的含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。4)盲肠微生物beta多样性分析结果显示,LPS+FST组与CON组肉鸡盲肠微生物区系更相似。与CON组相比,LPS组普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001(Prevotellaceae_UCG-001)和普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001不可培养细菌(uncultured_bacterium_g_Prevotellaceae_UCG-001)的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05);LPS+FST组互养菌门(Synergistota)的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),未分类的毛螺菌科(unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,1 000 mg/kg FST能增强LPS应激黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能,提高盲肠内容物中挥发性脂肪酸含量,调节肠道微生物区系平衡。
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of fermented stomach⁃nourishing traditional Chinese medicine powder(FST)on immune function,intestinal volatile fatty acids and microflora of yellow⁃feath⁃ered broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).A total of 360 one⁃day⁃old yellow⁃feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups,including FST0 group(basal diet),FST1000 group(basal diet+1000 mg/kg FST)and FST2000 group(basal diet+2000 mg/kg FST),each group had 8 replicates and each replicate had 15 broilers.The growth performance at different stages(1 to 35 days of age,36 to 70 days of age and 1 to 70 days of age)was measured.At 70 days of age,eight broilers from each replicate were selected from FST0 group and FST1000 group were intraperitoneally injected with 1000μg/kg BW LPS at the 71,73 and 75 days of age,which were named LPS group and LPS+FST group,respectively;another 7 broilers in FST0 group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline at the 71,73 and 75 days of age,which was named CON group.After stimulation with LPS for 3 h at the 75 days of age,all the broilers were slaughtered and sampled for determi⁃nation.The results showed as follows:adding 1000 mg/kg FST into the diet significantly decreased the feed/gain(F/G)of broilers at 36 to 70 days of age and 1 to 70 days of age(P<0.05),suggesting that 1000 mg/kg FST was the optimal adding dose in the diet of broilers.2)Compared with the CON group,the thymus index and bursa of Fabricius index were significantly reduced(P<0.05),the serum interleukin⁃1β(IL⁃1β),interleukin⁃2(IL⁃2),interleukin⁃6(IL⁃6)contents were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum interleukin⁃10(IL⁃10),im⁃munoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin Y(IgY)contents of broilers were signif⁃icantly decreased in the LPS group(P<0.05).Compared with the LPS group,the serum IL⁃1β,IL⁃2 and TNF⁃αcontents were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum IL⁃10,IgA,IgM and IgY contents of broilers were significantly increased in the LPS+FST group(P<0.05).3)Compared with the CON group,the contents of isobu⁃tyric acid,isovaleric acid and valeric acid in cecal contents of broilers were significantly reduced in the LPS group(P<0.05);the above volatile fatty acid contents in cecal contents of broilers in the LPS+FST group were signifi⁃cantly increased when compared with LPS group(P<0.05).4)Beta diversity result showed that the cecal microflo⁃ra of broilers in the LPS+FST group was more similar to that in the CON group.Compared with the CON group,the relative abundances of Prevotellaceae_UCG⁃001 and cultured_bacterium_g_Prevotellaceae_UCG⁃001 in the LPS group were significantly increased(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Synergistata was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae was significantly decreased in the LPS+FST group(P<0.05).In conclusion,1000 mg/kg FST can enhance the immune function,increase the contents of volatile fatty acids in cecal contents,and regulate the balance of intestinal microflora of yellow⁃feathered broilers challenged with LPS.
作者
马艳华
赵桂玲
冯杰
牛玉
MA Yanhua;ZHAO Guiling;FENG Jie;NIU Yu(College of Biological and Food Engineering,Puyang 457000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology·College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China;College of Animal Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310030,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期3631-3643,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
浙江省领军型创新创业团队项目(2020R01015)
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02008)
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C02032)
国家重点研发计划政府间国际创新合作项目(2018YFE0112700)。
关键词
中药养胃粉发酵饲料
黄羽肉鸡
免疫功能
挥发性脂肪酸
微生物区系
fermented stomach⁃nourishing traditional Chinese medicine powder
yellow⁃feathered broilers
im⁃mune function
volatile fatty acids
microflora
作者简介
马艳华(1978-),女,河南汝南人,讲师,硕士,研究方向为生物工程与技术。E⁃mail:fossil12@163.com;通信作者:牛玉,讲师,E⁃mail:niuyu0227@126.com。
