摘要
以不同发育阶段的人工核桃林(幼龄林(林龄为0~10 a)、中龄林(林龄为10~50 a)、古核桃林(林龄大于100 a))为对象,采用野外调查、样品采集及测定、统计分析相结合的方法,对不同林龄核桃林林下土壤养分、酶活性进行测定,林下物种组成和多样性进行分析,探究土壤养分、酶活性与林下植物多样性、群落组成的关系。结果表明:林龄变化对土壤有机质质量分数、硝态氮质量分数、速效磷质量分数、各类酶活性的影响存在极显著差异(P<0.01);除过氧化物酶活性、β-葡聚糖酶活性外,其他酶活性随着林龄增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。西藏古核桃林林下物种多样性Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数较中龄林显著降低(P<0.05),且林龄间物种组成差异显著(P<0.05)。中龄林的Margalef丰富度指数,与脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与过氧化物酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。古核桃林林下Pielous均匀度指数与氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性、β葡聚糖酶活性呈显著正相关;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Margalef丰富度指数与多酚氧化酶活性、氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05);Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielous均匀度指数与纤维素酶活性呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。西藏高原核桃林在不同林龄阶段其林下土壤养分变化有显著差异,且林龄对核桃林林下植物群落的物种组成和总体群落更替有一定影响。
The experiment was conducted on the soil nutrient status and enzymatic activities in the understory of artificial walnut plantations at different developmental stages,including young plantations(0-10 a),middle-aged plantations(10-50 a),and ancient walnut forests(>100 a)in Xizang.A combination of field surveys,sample collection,laboratory analysis and statistical methods was employed to determine the soil nutrient content and enzyme activities in the understory of walnut plantations at different ages.Furthermore,the species composition and diversity of the understory vegetation were analyzed to explore the relationships between soil nutrient status,enzyme activities,and understory plant diversity and community composition.The results showed significant differences in soil organic C content,nitrate N content,available P content,and various enzyme activities among different plantation ages(P<0.01).Except for peroxidase andβ-glucosidase activities,other enzyme activities exhibited an increasing trend followed by a decrease with increasing plantation age.The species diversity indices,including the Shannon index and the Margalef index,were significantly lower in the understory of ancient walnut forests compared to middle-aged plantations(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in species composition among different age groups(P<0.05).The Margalef index of middle-aged plantations showed a significant negative correlation with urease activity,alkaline phosphatase activity,and N-acetylglucosaminidase activity(P<0.05),but a significant positive correlation with peroxidase activity(P<0.05).In the understory of ancient walnut forests,the Pielous index was significantly positively correlated with N-acetylglucosaminidase andβ-glucosidase activities.The Shannon index,Simpson index,and Margalef index were significantly positively correlated with polyphenol oxidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities(P<0.05).The Shannon index and Pielous index showed a significant negative correlation with cellulase activity(P<0.05).The soil nutrient dynamics in walnut plantations on the Tibetan Plateau varied significantly among different plantation ages,and the age of the plantation had a certain influence on the species composition and overall community succession of the understory vegetation.
作者
张绍聪
高禾苗
袁龙义
任爱天
Zhang Shaocong;Gao Hemiao;Yuan Longyi;Ren Aitian(Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期115-122,共8页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
湖北省“十四五”重大科技援藏项目(SCXX-XZCG-22016)
山南市本级科技计划项目(SNKJJHXM(2021-2))
湖北省百校联百县-高校服务乡村振兴科技支撑行动计划(BXLBX0354)。
关键词
西藏核桃林
林龄
土壤养分
酶活性
多样性指数
群落组成
Tibetan walnut plantations
Plantation age
Soil nutrients
Enzymatic activities
Diversity indices
Community composition
作者简介
第一作者:张绍聪,男,1999年4月生,长江大学园艺园林学院,硕士研究生。E-mail:1204553591@qq.com;通信作者:袁龙义,长江大学园艺园林学院。教授。E-mail:yly35@qq.com;通信作者:任爱天,长江大学园艺园林学院,讲师。E-mail:renaitian@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
