摘要
针对液体粪肥深施需求,基于施肥铲降阻理论和液体粪肥深施农艺,设计了一种椭圆形施肥管,并配套凿式深松铲集成研发了注入式液体粪肥施肥铲。依托土槽试验平台,采用清水模拟液体粪肥的方法,分析了施肥管对施肥作业工作阻力的影响,以及施肥铲施肥深度、施肥量对液体粪肥在土壤中横向和纵向分布的影响。试验结果表明:施肥管对施肥铲水平工作阻力影响较大,对施肥铲垂直工作阻力几乎没有影响。施肥深度对液体粪肥在土壤中横向分布影响显著,随着施肥深度的增加,液体粪肥在土壤中横向扩展长度随之增大;而施肥深度对液体粪肥在土壤中纵向分布影响不显著,随着施肥深度的增加,液体粪肥在土壤中纵向扩展深度没有明显增大。施肥量对液体粪肥在土壤中的横向分布和纵向分布影响显著,随着施肥量的增加,液体粪肥在土壤中横向扩展长度及纵向扩展深度随之增大。研究可为液体粪肥施肥铲及施肥机的设计提供技术支撑。
Liquid manure is a kind of liquid fertilizer obtained by harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure or human manure.It has the advantages of wide source,convenient transportation,water and fertilizer.Carrying out liquid manure returning to farmland is of great significance to promote manure returning to farmland,promote fertilizer reduction,improve the quality of cultivated land and agricultural green development,and help agricultural carbon emission reduction and carbon peak.The application of liquid manure can improve soil nutrients,improve soil permeability and water permeability,contribute to crop growth and increase crop yield.At present,there are two main fertilization methods for liquid manure:one is to directly apply fertilizer to the surface of the surface,and the other is to apply fertilizer to the deep soil through ditching.Compared with surface fertilization,injection deep fertilization can not only improve fertilizer use efficiency,promote crop yield,but also reduce odor volatilization and environmental pollution risk,which is the main development direction of liquid manure application in the future.In view of the demand for deep application of liquid manure,based on the resistance reduction theory of fertilizer shovel and the agronomy of deep application of liquid manure,an elliptical fertilizer pipe was designed,and a supporting deep loosening shovel was developed.The injection type liquid manure fertilizer shovel was integrated and developed.Based on the soil tank test platform,the method of simulating liquid manure with clear water was used to analyze the influence of fertilizer pipe on the resistance of fertilization operation,and the influence of fertilizer depth and fertilizer amount of fertilizer shovel on the horizontal and vertical distribution of liquid manure in soil.The test results show that the fertilizer pipe has a great influence on the horizontal working resistance of the fertilizer shovel,and has little influence on the vertical working resistance of the fertilizer shovel.Fertilization depth had significant effect on the lateral distribution of liquid manure in soil.With the increase of fertilization depth,the lateral extension length of liquid manure in soil increased.The effect of fertilization depth on the vertical distribution of liquid manure in soil was not obvious.With the increase of fertilization depth,the vertical expansion depth of liquid manure in soil did not increase significantly.The horizontal and vertical distribution of liquid manure in soil was significantly affected by fertilizer application rate.With the increase of fertilizer application rate,the horizontal extension length and vertical extension depth of liquid manure in soil increased.This study provides technical support for the design of liquid manure fertilization shovel and fertilizer applicator.
作者
张泽涵
程红胜
沈玉君
丁京涛
孟海波
周海滨
王惠惠
燕海朋
郝旭
Zhang Zehan;Cheng Hongsheng;Shen Yujun;Ding Jingtao;Meng Haibo;Zhou Haibin;Wang Huihui;Yan Haipeng;Hao Xu(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering,Beijing 100125,China;Key Laboratory of Technologies and Models for Cyclic Utilization from Agricultural Resource of Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100125,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2023年第11期161-168,共8页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(21327214D)。
关键词
施肥铲
注入式
液体粪肥
工作阻力
fertilizer shovel
injection formula
liquid manure
working resistance
作者简介
张泽涵(1995-),男,山东青岛人,硕士研究生,(E-mail)zhangzehan95@163.com;通讯作者:孟海波(1972-),男,山东青州人,研究员,(E-mail)newmhb7209@163.com。
