摘要
敦煌写本杂抄医方多未标出处,殊难考证,通过与时代相近的日本汉文医籍《医心方》对比发现,不少医方名与组方内容具有极高相似度。以敦煌写本P.3596为例,杂抄各类病证的医方名共81个,药方和灸方共212首。81个医方名中有53个未收入《中医方剂大辞典》《中医大辞典》的词条中,却见于《医心方》。再对比组方内容,P.3596中有73方与《医心方》的83方具有极高相似度,似系出同源;敦煌写本连续抄录的医方,《医心方》也连续征引,这种情况见于多处,绝非偶然,更佐证了二者同源。《医心方》征引中国典籍,均有出处,据此可推知敦煌写本杂抄医方的出处。敦煌写本未经传世篡改,《医心方》为域外文献,均能较好地还原时代的真实性,二者比较,具有较高的可信度和参考价值。
Dunhuang manuscripts contain miscellaneous copies of medical prescriptions,most of which are lack of reference and difficult to verify.By comparing them with those from the Japanese Chinese medical book of Yi Xin Fang(《医心方》Formulary from Physician’s Heart),which was written nearly at the same time,many medical prescriptions show a high similarity in their names and compositions.The Dunhuang manuscript of P.3596 involves 81 prescription names of various diseases and 212 prescriptions of medicine and moxibustion,of which 53 entries for prescription names are not recorded in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas and the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine,but all are seen in the Yi Xin Fang.As for the compositions of the prescriptions,73 of them are highly similar to the 83 items from the Yi Xin Fang.The prescriptions transcribed continuously in Dunhuang manuscripts have also been cited in succession by Yi Xin Fang.The repeated encounter with such situations may also prove that the two are of the same origin.The quotes from Chinese classics in Yi Xin Fang are all clearly documented,therefore the origin of corresponding medical prescriptions in Dunhuang manuscripts can be deducted.The Dunhuang manuscripts have not been tampered by later generations and Yi Xin Fang is a foreign literature,both of which have a better restoration of the authentic texts,and the comparison between them is thus of higher credibility and reference values.
作者
王亚丽
WANG Yali(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Guizhou Minzu University,GuiYang 550025,China)
出处
《中医药文化》
2023年第3期282-296,共15页
Chinese Medical Culture
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(16BTQ043)。
关键词
敦煌写本医卷
医心方
医方
考源
Medical Volumes of Dunhuang Manuscripts
Yi Xin Fang(《医心方》Formulary from Physician’s Heart)
Medical Prescriptions
Origin Exploration
作者简介
王亚丽(ORCID:0000-0001-8725-9354),教授,E-mail:wanlan138@163.com。
