摘要
目的检测安徽省市售水生蔬菜中的铅、镉、总铬和总砷4种重金属/类金属元素,并评估其污染状况。方法电感耦合等离子体质谱测定四种主要水生蔬菜中铅、镉、总铬和总砷。评价依据《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762-2022)以及单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法。结果4种水生蔬菜主要受到铅和镉的污染,其超标率分别为22.8%(23/101)和49.5%(50/101)。鱼腥草中铅的超标率为50.0%(21/42),且鱼腥草中铅含量的最大值为其限值的6.92倍。芋头、芦蒿和鱼腥草镉的超标率分别为35.7%(10/28)、85.7%(12/14)、66.7%(28/42),芦蒿中镉含量的最大值为其限值的4.4倍,鱼腥草中镉的最大值为其限值的4.6倍。水芹的综合污染指数小于0.7,处在安全水平。芋头的综合污染指数为0.9,处在警戒限水平。芦蒿镉的污染指数为2.1,表明芦蒿受到了镉的中度污染;其综合污染指数为1.6,为轻污染状态。鱼腥草中铅和镉的污染指数为1.6和1.5,表明鱼腥草受到了铅和镉的轻度污染;其综合污染指数分为1.3,处于轻污染水平。结论安徽省市售4种水生蔬菜受到铅、镉的污染,需引起农业、市场监管等部门的重视,加强对铅、镉污染的预防及监测工作,以保障水生蔬菜的安全。
Objective To determine four heavy metal/metalloid elements(lead,cadmium,total chromium,and total arsenic)in commercially available aquatic vegetables in Anhui Province,China,and to evaluate their pollution status.Methods Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine lead,cadmium,total chromium,and total arsenic in four major aquatic vegetables,and the single-factor pollution index method and the comprehensive pollution index method were performed for evaluation according to the National Food Safety Standard-Limits of Contaminants in Food(GB 2762-2022).Results Four kinds of aquatic vegetables were mainly contaminated by lead and cadmium,with unqualified rates of 22.8%(23/101)and 49.5%(50/101),respectively.The unqualified rate of lead in Houttuynia cordata was 50.0%(21/42),and the maximum lead content in Houttuynia cordata was 6.92 times of its limit.The unqualified rates of cadmium in taro,Artemisia selengensis,and Houttuynia cordata were 35.7%(10/28),85.7%(12/14),and 66.7%(28/42),respectively;the maximum content of cadmium in Artemisia selengensis was 4.4 times of its limit,and that of cadmium in Houttuynia cordata was 4.6 times of its limit.The comprehensive pollution index of cress was less than 0.7,which was at a safe level.Taro had a comprehensive pollution index of 0.9,which was at the alert level.Artemisia selengensis had a pollution index of 2.1,suggesting that Artemisia selengensis was moderately contaminated by cadmium,and its comprehensive pollution index was 1.6,which was in the state of mild pollution.Lead and cadmium in Houttuynia cordata had a pollution index of 1.6 and 1.5,respectively,suggesting that Houttuynia cordata was mildly contaminated by lead and cadmium,and its comprehensive pollution index was 1.3,which was at the level of mild pollution.Conclusion Four kinds of commercially available aquatic vegetables in Anhui Province are polluted by lead and cadmium,which needs to be taken seriously by the departments related agriculture and market supervision.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of lead and cadmium pollution,so as to ensure the safety of aquatic vegetables.
作者
姜健
王晓玮
刘柏林
谢继安
韦莹
王秀莉
单晓梅
JIANG Jian;WANG Xiao-wei;LIU Bo-lin;XIE Ji-an;WEI Ying;WANG Xiu-li;SHAN Xiao-mei(Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230000,China)
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2023年第6期469-473,共5页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
关键词
水生蔬菜
铅
镉
总铬
总砷
风险评价
aquatic vegetable
lead
cadmium
total chromium
total arsenic
risk assessment
作者简介
姜健,主管技师,主要从事无机元素检测与分析,Email:345776685@qq.com;通信作者:单晓梅,主任技师,主要从事理化检验和环境健康影响研究,Email:xiaomeishan@126.com。
