摘要
活性炭具有较大的孔隙率和比表面积,对有害气体的吸附能力较强。固体废弃物作为在生产和生活中丧失利用价值的一种废弃物,其无组织堆放对生态环境造成了极大危害。以固体废弃物为原料制备固废基活性炭用于净化有害气体,无疑是实现环境友好型废弃资源再利用的一种有效方式。总结了工业、农林、城市等典型固废基活性炭的分类,分析了其表面化学性质,介绍了其对有害气体的吸附机理,梳理了影响固废基活性炭吸附效率的主要因素。固废种类繁多,未来可以开展人畜粪便、食物残骸以及有危险性的电化学、医疗废弃物的利用研究,为开发新型固废基活性炭寻找突破口。另外,还可以尝试扩大固废基活性炭吸附的有害气体类型,如烷烃、芳香烃、酮、酸、酯、醇和氯代烃等,进一步拓宽固废基活性炭的应用范围。
Activated carbon exhibits high porosity and large specific surface area,and has high capacity for adsorbing harmful gases.As a kind of rejected material that has little values in production and life,the irrational stockpiles of solid wastes leads to a great hazards to the ecological conditions.Using solid waste as raw material to prepare solid waste-based activated carbon to purify harmful gas is an effective solution to environmental friendly reuse of waste resources.The classification of typical solid waste-based activated carbon from industry,agriculture and forestry,urban was conducted,the surface chemical properties of them were studied,the function of adsorbing harmful gases was presented,and the key factors on the adsorption performance of solid waste-based activated carbon were discussed.There is a variety of solid wastes,and research on the utilization of human and animal feces,food remains or hazardous electrochemical and medical wastes was proposed to be carried out in the future to achieve a breakthrough in the development of novel solid waste-based activated carbon.In addition,it can also try to expand the types of harmful gases which are able to be adsorbed by solid waste-based activated carbon,such as alkanes,aromatic hydrocarbons,ketones,acids,esters.
作者
张浩
郁鑫莲
韩伟胜
杜晓燕
于先坤
杨晓军
Zhang Hao;Yu Xinlian;Han Weisheng;Du Xiaoyan;Yu Xiankun;Yang Xiaojun(School of Construction and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan Anhui 243032,China;School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan Anhui 243032,China;Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Ma'aanshan Anhui 243000,China)
出处
《化工矿物与加工》
CAS
2023年第6期45-55,共11页
Industrial Minerals & Processing
基金
安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104g01020006)
金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开发基金项目(2020-JSKSSYS-01)
安徽省博士后研究人员科研活动经费资助项目(2019B336)
冶金工程与资源综合利用安徽省重点实验室(安徽工业大学)开放基金项目(SKF21-03)
马鞍山市博士后研究人员科研活动经费资助项目(2020A11)。
关键词
固体废弃物
活性炭吸附
废弃资源再利用
有害气体
影响因素
solid wastes
activated carbon adsorption
recycling of abandoned resources
harmful gases
influence factors
作者简介
张浩(1982-),男,博士(后),教授,从事冶金固废资源利用研究,E-mail:fengxu19821018@163.com。
