摘要
厌氧发酵技术是实现猪粪污减量化、无害化、资源化的主要途径。厌氧发酵过程中有效钝化Cu、Zn等重金属、降低重金属对土壤及农产品污染风险仍需持续地开展相关研究。该文以猪粪/玉米秸秆为发酵原料,选用腐殖酸、生物炭和粉煤灰制备复合钝化剂,以厌氧发酵产气率和Cu、Zn稳定态钝化率来优化钝化剂复合比,从Cu、Zn的可还原态、可氧化态、残渣态、生物有效态等方面对猪粪污厌氧发酵进程中的钝化调控机制进行研究。结果表明,当腐殖酸、粉煤灰、生物炭的添加比例为发酵系统中干物质量的7.5%、7.5%、5.0%时产气量最高。影响Cu、Zn稳定态钝化率的主次因素并不相同:影响Cu稳定态钝化率的主次因素顺序为腐殖酸>生物炭>粉煤灰,腐殖酸∶粉煤灰∶生物炭最佳复合比为7.5%∶7.5%∶7.5%,影响Zn稳定态钝化率的主次因素顺序为粉煤灰>腐殖酸>生物炭,腐殖酸∶粉煤灰∶生物炭最佳复合比为5.0%∶7.5%∶7.5%。此外,添加复合钝化剂使得发酵沼渣中Cu、Zn可还原态、可氧化态、残渣态、生物有效态发生显著改变,Cu、Zn由不稳定态向稳定态转化,生物有效性降低。复合钝化剂中的有机、无机成分之间存在一定的协同作用,共同促进厌氧发酵,提高稳定态钝化率,可以安全回用于农业肥料。该研究对于猪粪污的厌氧发酵处置及应用于农业肥料有一定的参考应用价值。
Anaerobic digestion technology is the main way to realize the reduction,innocuity and resource of pig manure.The effective passivation of Cu,Zn and other heavy metals in the process of anaerobic fermentation and the reduction of heavy metal pollution risk to soil and agricultural products still need to be carried out continuous research.In this paper,pig manure/corn stalks were used as fermentation raw materials,and humic acid,biochar and fly ash were used to prepare composite passivators,the passivation regulation mechanism in the process of anaerobic fermentation of pig manure was studied from the reducible state,oxidizable state,residue state and bioavailable state of Cu and Zn,respectively.The results show that when the addition ratio of humic acid,fly ash and biochar is 7.5%,7.5%and 5.0%of the dry matter in the fermentation system,the gas production rate is the highest.The primary and secondary factors affecting the stable passivation rate of Cu and Zn are different.The primary and secondary factors affecting the passivation rate of Cu steady state are humic acid,biochar and fly ash,with the best compound ratio as humic acid,fly ash,biochar:(7.5%∶7.5%∶7.5%),and the primary and secondary factors affecting the passivation rate of Zn stable state are fly ash,humic acid and biochar,with the best compound ratio as humic acid,fly ash,biochar:(5.0%∶7.5%∶7.5%).The regulation mechanism of the compound passivator is the addition of the compound passivator makes the reducible state,oxidizable state,residue state and bioavailable state of Cu and Zn elements in the fermentation biogas residue significantly changed,which promotes the change of Cu and Zn from the unstable state.It is converted to a stable state,the biological effectiveness is reduced,and the passivation of Cu and Zn is realized.There is a certain synergistic effect between organic and inorganic components in the compound passivating agent,which jointly promotes anaerobic fermentation,improves the stable passivating rate,and can be safely used in agricultural fertilizer.This study has certain reference and application value for the application of anaerobic fermentation of pig manure to agricultural fertilizers.
作者
苏星
庄捷
薛锦辉
何方
周进丰
张文艺
SU Xing;ZHUANG Jie;XUE Jinhui;HE Fang;ZHOU Jinfeng;ZHANG Wenyi(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Changzhou Wunong Ecological Energy Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213166,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期216-223,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2020761)
2021年江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(SJCX21-0942)。
关键词
猪粪污
厌氧发酵
重金属
复合钝化剂
pig manure
anaerobic digestion
heavy metal
compound passivator
作者简介
苏星(1998-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事固体废物污染控制与资源化,(电子信箱)1140484443@qq.com;通讯作者:张文艺,教授,博士生导师,博士,主要从事污染控制与生态修复,(电子信箱)zwy@cczu.edu.cn。
