摘要
以三年生无芒雀麦为研究对象,设置4个灌溉梯度[在拔节期水分达到土壤水分下限时进行灌溉,各处理土壤水分下限分别为田间持水量的75%(W0)、45%(W1)、55%(W2)、65%(W3),灌水达上限85%田间持水量时停止]和4个施氮梯度[0 kg/hm^(2)(N0)、60 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、120 kg/hm^(2)(N2)和180 kg/hm^(2)(N3)],分析水氮调控对无芒雀麦氮磷钾累积量及累积速率、产量、品质和水氮利用效率的影响。结果表明:无芒雀麦在拔节期前养分累积以氮素为主;拔节期氮磷钾养分累积量及累积速率在N2W3、N2W0、N3W3和N3W0处理下最高,且以钾素增长最为突出;各养分累积量与累积速率在抽穗期达到峰值,随着灌水量和施氮量的增加先增后降(W3与N2处理最高),并再次以氮素累积为主;磷素累积在无芒雀麦生育期内呈增长趋势,但整体偏低。N2W3处理在全生育期内能保持较高的养分累积量及累积速率。无芒雀麦总产量在灌水和施氮后分别提高了24.77%~58.09%和31.10%~85.86%;W3与N3处理更有助于无芒雀麦品质的改善;水分利用效率分别在W2和N2处理下最高,氮肥偏生产力分别在W3和N1处理下最高;产量、相对饲喂价值及氮肥偏生产力分别在N2W3(12922.27 kg/hm^(2))、N3W0(141.54)及N1W3(171.52 kg/kg)处理下最高。综合考虑氮磷钾累积、产量、品质及水氮利用效率得出,在N2W3处理的基础上,兼顾在分蘖期与抽穗期适当添加氮肥,拔节期至孕穗期适当补充钾肥,全生育期注重磷肥施用,是甘肃河西走廊地区三年生无芒雀麦适宜的水肥管理模式。
This study investigated the effects of water and nitrogen management on nitrogen,phospho⁃rus,and potassium accumulation,yield,quality,and water and nitrogen use efficiency in three-year-old Bromus inermis.Four irrigation gradients(W0:75%to 85%of field water-holding capacity,W1:45%to 85%,W2:55%to 85%,and W3:65%to 85%)and four nitrogen gradients[N0:0 kg/hm^(2),N1:60 kg/hm^(2),N2:120 kg/hm^(2),and N3:180 kg/hm^(2))were applied.Results showed that nitrogen was the main nutrient accu⁃mulated before jointing stage.The highest nutrient accumulation and accumulation rate during the jointing stage were observed under N2W3,N2W0,N3W3 and N3W0 treatments,with the most significant increase in potassium.The nutrient accumulation and accumulation rate reached their peak during the head⁃ing stage,and increased at first and then decreased with the increase in irrigation and nitrogen application rate(the highest being under W3 and N2 treatments),with nitrogen being the main nutrient accumulated again.The accumulation of phosphorus showed an increasing trend during the growth period of Bromus inermis but was overall low.The N2W3 treatment maintained a higher nutrient accumulation and accumula⁃tion rate throughout the growth period.The total yield of Bromus inermis increased by 24.77%to 58.09%and 31.10%to 85.86%after irrigation and nitrogen application,respectively.The W3 and N3 treatments were more conducive to improving the quality of Bromus inermis.Water use efficiency(WUE)was the highest under W2 and N2 treatments,respectively,and partial factor productivity of nitrogen(PFPn)was the highest under W3 and N1 treatments,respectively.The yield,relative feeding value(RFV)and PFPn were the highest values under N2W3(12922.27 kg/hm^(2)),N3W0(141.54)and N1W3(171.52 kg/kg)treatments,respectively.Considering the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,yield,quality,water and nitrogen utilization efficiency,it was concluded that on the basis of N2M3,nitrogen fer⁃tilizer should be added appropriately during tillering and heading stages,and potassium fertilizer should be supplemented appropriately from jointing stage to heading stages.Attention should be paid to the applica⁃tion of phosphorus fertilizer throughout the whole growth period.This was a suitable water and fertilizer management mode for three-year Bromus inermis in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province.
作者
唐仲霞
齐广平
银敏华
康燕霞
马彦麟
汪精海
贾琼
汪爱霞
姜渊博
TANG Zhongxia;QI Guangping;YIN Minhua;KANG Yanxia;MA Yanlin;WANG Jinghai;JIA Qiong;WANG Aixia;JIANG Yuanbo(College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期60-70,共11页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51969003,52069001)
甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-20)
甘肃省高校创新基金项目(2020B-131)
甘肃省高校创新基金项目(2021CXZX-405)
甘肃省青年科技基金计划(20JR5RA011)
甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院科研团队建设专项(Gaucwky-01)。
关键词
水氮调控
氮磷钾累积
产量
品质
水氮利用效率
Water and nitrogen regulation
N,P and K accumulation
Yield
Quality
Water and nitrogen utilization efficiency
作者简介
唐仲霞(1995⁃),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士,主要从事旱区水资源高效利用研究,E⁃mail:1719554089@qq.com;通信作者:银敏华,E⁃mail:yinmh@gsau.edu.cn。
