摘要
【目的】一代文豪白居易作为文人的代表,在多次造园活动中应用竹子造景,其营竹造景方式、赏竹体验及其竹文化观对后世影响深远,该文希望从白居易居所及诗词分析其营竹、赏竹行为和竹文化观,进一步丰富和完善文人的竹文化观。【方法】笔者搜集整理白居易一生的多处居所,并结合其在各个居所创作的诗词,对其营竹造园实践活动和游赏竹景行为进行分析,深入挖掘其竹文化观。【结果】经研究分析发现白居易居所多有竹景相伴,并常采用竹窗造景、竹水造景和竹林造景等手法营造园林。白居易乐于多方位、多角度地欣赏竹景,并注重与竹的游园互动,这些赏竹雅事和相关竹诗词的大量创作对于推动竹文化的发展有重要意义。笔者进一步挖掘了其竹文化观,白居易齐修儒道佛,而竹作为三教共赏之物,体现的品格正符合白居易的精神追求,故而以竹律己、以竹为友,形成了自己的竹文化观。【结论】在君子比德思想影响下,竹成为文人追求精神品质的物化表现,竹也成为文人园林的代表性植物。
【Objective】As the representative of literati,Bai Juyi,a literary magnate of a generation,has applied bamboo landscaping in many gardening activities.His way of bamboo landscaping,experience of bamboo appreciation and bamboo culture outlook have a profound impact on later generations.This paper hopes to further enrich and improve the literati′s bamboo culture outlook by analyzing Bai Juyi′s residence and poetry.【Method】This paper analyzes Bai Juyi′s multiple residences and the associated poems,and investigates his practice of building gardens with bamboo elements.The poet′s inclination to appreciate the bamboo sceneries and his views on bamboo culture are hence revealed.【Result】It seems evident that most of Bai Juyi′s residences featured bamboo landscape.Bamboo windows,bamboo waters and bamboo forests were routinely adopted to build gardens.The poet was fond of observing the bamboo sceneries from various positions and angles,and he underscored the interaction with bamboo when visiting the gardens.These bamboo-related anecdotes and the large quantity of bamboo-themed poems are of great significance for promoting the development of bamboo culture.This paper further exhibits his views on bamboo culture.Bai Juyi was a follower of Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism,while bamboo,publicly cherished by these three religions,reflects the noble character which is in line with the poet′s spiritual pursuit.【Conclusion】Under the influence of the idea of“gentleman′s virtue”,bamboo has become the materialized expression of literati′s pursuit of spiritual quality,and bamboo has also become the representative plant of literati′s gardens.
作者
冯玉兰
FENG Yu-lan(The Museum of Chinese Gardens and Landscape Architecture,Beijing 100072,China)
出处
《竹子学报》
2023年第1期88-92,共5页
Journal of Bamboo Research
关键词
白居易
居所
竹景
诗词
Bai Juyi
Residence
Bamboo scene
Poem
作者简介
冯玉兰,高级工程师,硕士,从事园林历史、植物景观研究。E-mail:fengyulan309@163.com。
