摘要
牛踏堰在明、清、民国3个时期均发生过较大的水利纠纷。通过还原纠纷过程,发现结构性分水矛盾是引发纠纷的重要原因。架构在分水矛盾之上的水利规则,本可发挥消弭纠纷、建立用水秩序的作用,但当旧有水利规则未能因时因势变通时,却会成为纠纷产生的根源。在纠纷解决方面,官府扮演了关键性角色。明代牛踏堰灌区已形成家族间的地缘性水利联盟,清代衍生出两个互不相统的具有董事会性质的水利组织,民国时期建立统一的管理组织,但仍无法消解结构性分水矛盾。
There were fairly serious irrigation disputes in Niutayan during Ming and Qing Dynasty and the Republican Period.Through reproduction of the disputes process,we discovered that structural water division contradictions were important causes that triggered the disputes.Irrigation rules structured above water division contradictions were supposed to play the role of solving disputes and establishing order in water usage,yet when old irrigation rules failed to transform along with change of time and situation,they became the root causes of the disputes.In terms of dispute resolution,the government played the crucial role.In Ming Dynasty,geographical irrigation alliances of family clans have already been formed in Niutayan irrigation area.In Qing Dynasty,two separate irrigation organizations with boards of directors were derived.During the Republican Period,a unified management organization was established,but still incapable of solving the structural water division contradictions.
出处
《中国地方志》
CSSCI
2023年第2期85-94,M0006,共11页
China Local Records
基金
重庆市社会科学规划博士项目“清以来重庆地区共管市镇与地方社会研究”(项目编号:2020BS12)阶段性成果之一。
