摘要
《史记》列传对“人”审美主要从三个层面展开:理想“人格”是具有良好品德,能不计个人利害安危坚守“义”;具有非凡才能、气概,能建功立业;能“不令己失时”,可以在耻辱困顿际隐忍奋发,实现抱负。理想“人格”建构大致不出古人“三不朽”设定,也与《周易》倡导的“君子”人格有相合处。对“人”审美第二层面是客观展现了“人”之“不全”并表达了由衷惋惜,提出了警戒意。第三层面是在人际关系网络中呈现出“人情势利”的客观必然存在,表达出对“知己”的特别渴望和对世人的劝诫安慰。“人”审美三层面表露的感慨、劝诫、安慰,是对史传编撰主旨精神的继承与发扬,也同时体现出感慨流连、抒情解郁等“文”的特征。两相结合,使《史记》在中国史林书写中别具一格,具有非凡魅力。
The aesthetic appreciation of“human”is mainly carried out from three aspects in biographies of Historical Records,namely,the ideal“personality”having a good moral character,regardless of personal interests and safety to adhere to the“justice”;extraordinary talent,spirit making contributions to merits;endurance of humiliation and hardship to achieve ambitions.The construction of ideal“personality”can be compared with the setting of“three immortals”of the ancients,and it also coincides with the“gentleman”personality advocated by Book of Changes.The second aspect of“human”aesthetics is to objectively show the“incompleteness”of“human”and express heartfelt regret,and put forward the warning.The third level is the inevitable objective existence of“human snobbery”in the interpersonal relationship network,expressing the special desire for“bosom friend”and exhortation to the people.The emotion,exhortation and comfort expressed at the three levels of“human”aesthetics are the inheritance and development of the theme spirit of history compilation,and also reflect the characteristics of“literature”,such as feeling lingering,lyric relief.The combination of the two makes Historical Records unique in Chinese historical writing and has extraordinary charm.
作者
何悦玲
HE Yueling(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)
出处
《渭南师范学院学报》
2023年第3期10-17,共8页
Journal of Weinan Normal University
基金
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目:中外《史记》文学研究资料整理与研究(13&ZD111)。
关键词
《史记》
列传
“人”审美
书写旨趣
Historical Records
biographies
“human”aesthetics
writing purport
作者简介
何悦玲,女,陕西淳化人,陕西师范大学文学院副教授,文学博士,主要从事中国古代小说与史传关系、元明清文学研究。
