摘要
席卷全球的COVID-19让全球民众再次经受一次“卫生观”洗礼。我国学界对“消毒技术”“图书保护”的探讨不少,但对“图书与人类健康关系”的专门研究不够。国家标准规范文件和相关法律条例亦多语焉不详,《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》并无对“图书卫生”的专门规定。文章回顾19世纪末“图书传疫”观念在我国出现和传播的历程,发现各时期人们对图书卫生重视程度和关注点并不一致。早期人们关注的重点是图书中细菌、病毒和霉菌等对人体健康的影响,因此发明了一系列消毒杀菌措施;近年图书用纸和印刷中所含铅、甲醛、砷等有毒元素,消毒过程中残留的化学药剂,紫外线、微波等消毒法产生的辐射,负离子、静电吸附等新研发的图书馆净化消毒方式,对人类健康造成新威胁。从历史上的“图书传疾”现象来看,图书馆不仅需要关注图书保存、修复和流通,而且不能忽视消毒和卫生管理,相关图书卫生条例制定和立法亦刻不容缓。
As the Coronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic sweeping the glob,people’s view of health has been put to the test all over the world once again.There are a lot of discussions on“disinfection technology”and“book preservation”in Chinese academic communities,but the studies of the relationship between books and human health are sparse.The relevant national standards and regulations are unclear,there are no specific provisions regarding book hygiene in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Public Libraries.This article reviews the emergence and development of Chinese people’s consciousness of book-borne disease in the late 19th century,and finds that people have different attentions and concerns about book hygiene in different times.Initially,the effect of virus,bacteria and fungus on people’s health was of great concern,and methods of decontamination and sterilization were designed and introduced.Recently,people have to confront new health risks posed by toxic elements from papers and printing(such as lead,formaldehyde and arsenic),residues in the sterilization process,radiation created by ultraviolet or microwave sanitizers,and the static cling or anion resulting from the latest application of purification and disinfection technology.From the perspectives of historical phenomena relating to books as disease carriers and current pandemic situation,public libraries not only need to pay attention to the storage,restoration and circulation of books,but also cannot ignore the disinfection and health management at any time.
出处
《图书馆论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期53-61,共9页
Library Tribune
基金
教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“近代救灾法律文献整理与研究”(项目编号:18JZD024)研究成果。
关键词
图书消毒
图书传疾
医疗卫生史
图书卫生
中华人民共和国公共图书馆法
book disinfection
books as disease carriers
medical history
book hygiene
Law of the People’s Republic of China on Public Libraries
作者简介
郑云艳,博士,中国政法大学副教授,zhengyunyan3641@sina.com。
