摘要
迁飞性虫害突发性强、危害范围广,严重威胁国家粮食安全。昆虫雷达是监测昆虫迁飞的最有效手段,可为迁飞虫害预警防控提供关键信息支撑。传统昆虫雷达通过低分辨波形、旋转线极化天线等方式,实现昆虫体重、体轴方向等生物学参数测量。新型昆虫雷达采用调频步进频高分辨波形、瞬时全极化体制,可大幅提升昆虫生物学参数测量精度。但是,在传统极化测量误差之外,调频步进频成像会给不同极化通道引入新的乘性误差分量,导致极化通道间不一致更加复杂,必须进行高精度极化校准。针对以上问题,该文结合调频步进频波形特点对全极化测量模型进行了优化,并设计了一种基于松姿态约束下双定标体(金属球和金属丝)联合的高分辨全极化雷达极化校准方法,补偿了系统通道间不一致对极化信息测量的影响;在此基础上,进一步提出了基于生物对称模型的昆虫体轴方向估计方法,解析推导分析了极化通道间交叉串扰对体轴方向估计的影响机制。最后,利用多频全极化雷达(X, Ku, Ka)进行了极化校准和昆虫轴向测量实验,实测昆虫体轴方向测量误差优于3°,验证了所提方法的有效性。
Migratory pests are sudden outbreaks and widespread,putting national food security at risk.Entomological radar is most effective segment in monitoring insect migration,providing critical information for early warning and pest control.Traditional entomological radar can measure biological parameters such as mass and orientation using a low-resolution waveform and rotating linear polarization antenna.The new entomological radar uses a stepped chirp high-resolution waveform and instantaneous fully polarimetric system,which can considerably improve the accuracy of measuring insect biological data.However,in addition to the traditional polarization measurement errors,the stepped chirp waveform introduces new multiplicative error components to different polarization channels,resulting in a more complex imbalance between polarization channels,which requires high-precision polarization calibration.In response to the above issues,the fully polarimetric measurement model is optimized according to the characteristics of the high-resolution system,and a high-resolution system polarization error estimation method based on a sphere and a wire is proposed in this study,which can complete polarization calibration under the loose constraint of the calibrator attitude and compensate for the influence of channel inconsistency on polarization information measurement;additionally,an insect orientation estimation method based on a biological symmetry model is proposed,and the mechanism of cross-talk between polarization channels on orientation estimation is analyzed analytically.Finally,multifrequency high-resolution fully polarimetric radar(X,Ku,Ka)is used for polarimetric calibration and insect orientation measurement experiments,and the measurement error of orientation is less than 3°,which verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
作者
李沐阳
胡程
王锐
李卫东
姜琦
李云龙
钱李昌
王江涛
LI Muyang;HU Cheng;WANG Rui;LI Weidong;JIANG Qi;LI Yunlong;QIAN Lichang;WANG Jiangtao(Radar Research Lab,School of Information and Electronics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation(Beijing Institute of Technology),Ministry of Education,Beijing 100081,China;Advanced Technology Research Institute,Beijing Institute of Technology,Jinan 250300,China;No.31511 Unit of PLA,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《雷达学报（中英文）》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期425-440,共16页
Journal of Radars
基金
国家自然科学基金(31727901,62001021,62201049)
国家社会科学基金军事学项目(2020-SKJJ-C-011)。
关键词
全极化昆虫雷达
极化信息
极化校准
参数反演
体轴方向估计
Fully polarimetric entomological radar
Polarization information
Polarimetric calibration
Parameters inversion
Orientation estimation
作者简介
李沐阳,博士生,主要研究方向为极化校准和极化信号处理;通信作者:胡程,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为昆虫雷达信号处理、GEO SAR成像处理、双基地SAR成像处理和前向散射雷达信号处理。hucheng.bit@gmail.com;王锐,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为昆虫雷达信号处理;李卫东,博士后,主要研究方向为空中微弱目标雷达精细信号处理;姜琦,博士生,研究方向为群目标跟踪算法;李云龙,博士后,主要研究方向为雷达目标检测与识别;钱李昌,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为雷达信号处理、联合训练;王江涛,博士生,研究方向为昆虫雷达极化信号处理。
