摘要
全球生物多样性减少是当今世界面临的重大生态问题,两栖动物作为衡量环境的重要指示物种,近些年受到越来越多研究者的关注。本文以脊椎动物中生物多样性受威胁最严重的两栖动物为研究对象,通过检索2003-2021年文献,提取并整合关键词。首先分析了当代人类活动中的人为噪音、夜间人造光、路杀等3个因子对两栖动物的影响,发现人为噪音导致两栖动物的鸣叫行为发生改变,并且干扰两栖动物的繁殖行为,夜间人造光降低了两栖动物的生长速度,减少了行为活动时间,路杀直接影响了两栖动物的种群数量。其次归纳相应的缓解措施,提出改进意见,如加强道路基础设施建设,安装隔音屏障以缓冲噪音;控制两栖动物密集区的光照强度;建造两栖动物通道等。最后对今后人类活动对两栖动物影响研究中亟需解决的问题进行了展望,应加强人类活动对两栖动物影响的研究,努力减小人类活动对两栖动物的负面影响。
Background&Aim:Global biodiversity decline is a major ecological problem around the world today.As an important indicator for measuring the environment,amphibians have received more and more attention from researchers in recent years.In this paper,we focus on amphibians which are the most threatened species of vertebrate to analyze the existing problems and suggest the corresponding solutions.Method:Firstly,we analyze the effects of three most prominent factors in human activities,i.e.,anthropogenic noise,artificial light at night and road kills on amphibians reproduction,population growth rate,physiology,and behavior by retrieving existing literature from 2003 to 2021,and extracting and integrating key words.Secondly,the mitigation measures regarding anthropogenic noise,artificial light at night and road kills are summarized and suggestions for improvement are made.Review Results:Amphibian calling behavior was altered by anthropogenic noise,showing variations in call rate,dominant frequency,and call duration.It is yet unclear how different amphibians calling respond to anthropogenic noise differently and whether call variations are advantageous to the amphibians’long-term growth.By obscuring the perception of male acoustic signals by females and impacting sperm count and sperm viability in males,anthropogenic noise can also affect the reproductive behavior of amphibians.Amphibian growth rates and behavioral activity time were slowed down by artificial light at night.In addition,artificial light at night can change corticosterone levels in amphibians and hence have an impact on their physiology.Amphibian population size was directly impacted by road kills.This study makes recommendations for improvement in light of the aforementioned detrimental effects,including bolstering the road infrastructure,constructing noise barriers to muffle noise,reducing light intensity in dense amphibian areas,building amphibian corridors,etc.Perspective:Specific conservation strategies that seek to improve protection measures,planning management and monitoring of amphibian population dynamics should be implemented in order to reduce the impact of human activities on this group of vertebrates.
作者
江艺欣
时莹莹
高朔
王苏盆
Yixin Jiang;Yingying Shi;Shuo Gao;Supen Wang(College of Life Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241000;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期216-228,共13页
Biodiversity Science
基金
北京市自然科学基金(5192016)
重要生物资源保护与利用研究安徽省重点实验室开放基金(swzy202006)。
关键词
两栖动物
人类活动
人为噪音
夜间人造光
路杀
amphibians
human activities
anthropogenic noise
artificial light at night
road kills
作者简介
通讯作者:王苏盆,E-mail:bullfrog2008@126.com。
