摘要
伦理学本应影响人类生活与道德实践,但现代道德哲学却越来越缺乏这种能力。美德伦理学的当代复兴,正是为了反思现代困境,重塑伦理学直指人心的力量。为此,当代美德伦理学者基于美德伦理与规则伦理之间的差异,尝试系统建构亚里士多德主义伦理学的道德心理基础。然而,这种阐释路径可能忽视了古今之间伦理思想的一致性与连贯性。以“道德价值”问题为切入点,通过比较亚里士多德与康德的文本,从而展示康德的自律思想与亚里士多德的选择思想之间所具有的惊人的相似性,即:人们基于理性的主动选择,才能赋予行为以道德价值。因此,亚里士多德与康德的理论并无本质的冲突或矛盾。如果对亚里士多德立场进行适当修订,便可以同康德的主要观点彼此结合。
Ethics is supposed to affect human life and moral practice,but modern moral philosophy is increasingly lacking in this kind of capacity.The contemporary revival of virtue ethics is aimed at reflecting on the modern dilemma and recreating the power of ethics to address people’s hearts.To this end,Li Yitian tries to systematically construct a moral psychological foundation for Aristotelian ethics based on the difference between virtue ethics and ethics based on rules.However,this interpretive path may have overlooked the consistency and coherence of ancient and modern ethical thought.A comparison of Aristotle’s texts with Kant’s shows a striking similarity between Kant’s idea of self-discipline and Aristotle’s idea of choice,that is,that people can give moral value to their actions only by making rational and active choices.Therefore,there is no essential conflict or contradiction between the two theories.If Aristotle’s position is suitably revised,it can be combined with Kant’s main ideas.
出处
《中国社会科学评价》
CSSCI
2023年第1期104-110,159,共8页
China Social Science Review
基金
凯风基金会“哲学传统与现代生活”研读班支持。
作者简介
陶涛,南京师范大学哲学系教授(南京210023)。
