摘要
目的 调查新疆14个地(州、市)疾病预防控制机构从事食品和饮用水检测专业人员电离辐射(放射)基础知识和放射性检测知识的知晓情况。方法 2021年对新疆168名相关专业人员开展6个方面30项内容的问卷调查,采用单因素方差分析相关知识得分。结果 食品和饮用水检测专业人员放射基础知识和放射性检测知识知晓率分别为62.4%和22.9%,放射基础知识得分随年龄增长总体无明显上升(F=2.531,P>0.05),中级职称人均得分最低为55分;放射性检测知识得分,不同年龄组差异有统计学意义(F=15.212,P<0.05),南疆专业人员得分高于北疆人员,差异有统计学意义(F=12.426,P<0.05)。参加核和辐射应急培训(培训者33分、未培训者21分)和饮用水放射性检测培训(培训者40分、未培训者22分)均能提高专业人员的放射性检测知识得分。获得放射基础知识的途径以讲座或培训为主、占被调查者的58.9%,希望获得的放射知识包括放射防护方法、基础知识、职业人群相关知识、放射来源及公众接受放射限值和评价5类。结论 新疆从事食品和饮用水放射性检测专业人员放射知识知晓率不高,且存在区域、职称和是否参加培训的差异,并有获知相关知识的需求;应进一步加强相关知识的宣传和培训,提高专业人群和薄弱区域人员的知晓水平。
Objective To investigate the awareness situation of the basic knowledge on ionizing radiation(radiation) and the knowledge of radiation detection among the professionals working for disease control and prevention institutions in food and drinking water testing in 14 prefectures(cities) of Xinjiang. Methods A questionnaire survey with 6 aspects and 30 items was carried out in 168 staffs in Xinjiang, 2021. The scores of relevant knowledge were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results The awareness rate of basic radiation knowledge and radiation detection knowledge in the professionals in food and drinking water detecting was 62.4% and 22.9%, respectively. There was no statistically difference(F=2.531, P>0.05) in the scores of basic radiation knowledge increased with age the score per capita in the staff with intermediate professional title was 55 points, the lowest, and the score was higher in the staff in northern Xinjiang than that in southern Xinjiang(F=12.426, P<0.05). The score of radiation detecting knowledge could be increased after participating in the nuclear and radiation emergency training(scored 33 points in trainees, 21 points in untrained staff) and in the training of radioactive detection in drinking water(scored 40 points in trainees, 22 points in untrained staff). The basic radiation knowledge was mainly obtained from lecture or training, accounting for 58.9% of the respondents. The wanted radiation knowledge include 5categories: the protection method against ionizing radiation, basic knowledge, relevant knowledge for occupational group,source of ionizing radiation, and the limits and evaluation of ionizing radiation which could be accepted by the public.Conclusions The awareness rate of radiological knowledge is low in the professionals in food and drinking water radioactive detecting in Xinjiang, with the differences in regions, professional titles, and participating in relevant training or not. The need of acquirement of relevant knowledge do exists. The publicity and training of relevant knowledge should be further strengthened to improve the awareness level in the professional group and the staff in backward areas.
作者
孙小娜
李仲修
雷淑钦
王玉文
SUN Xiao-na;LI Zhong-xiu;LEI Shu-qin;WANG Yu-wen(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang UygurAutonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2023年第1期12-15,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2020D01C080)。
作者简介
孙小娜(1979-),女,主任医师,硕士,从事放射卫生防护与监测评价工作,E-mail:sunxiaona0102@126.com。
