摘要
康雍乾时期的清廷对俄外交,以西北边疆统一和西南边疆巩固为核心,经历了一百余年的发展演变:由康熙与噶尔丹对峙时期的《尼布楚条约》及图里琛使团出访,经雍正与策妄阿拉布坦父子和战相兼时期的《恰克图条约》及两个访俄使团,到乾隆时期围绕准噶尔和土尔扈特“逃人”问题展开的激烈外交争锋,铺陈出中俄两国外交实践的丰富内涵。清廷为解决准噶尔问题延续近百年的外交谋划,构成了清朝大一统国家边疆形成过程中不可或缺的一环。康雍乾时期具有近代特质的对俄外交实践与中国传统的“理藩思想”一主一辅,形成了清廷前期外交服务内政的双轨机制。
During the reign of Emperors Kangxi and Yongzheng and Qianlong,the Qing Court implemented the diplomatic policy to Russia,which focused on the unification of the northwest frontier and the consolidation of the southwest frontier.Over a hundred years of development and evolution,the Sino-Russian Treaty of Nerchinsk was signed and the mission headed by Turichen was dispatched to Russia,during which Emperor Kangxi confronted with Galdan;when Emperor Yongzheng fought and held peace with Tsewang Arabdan and his son,the Sino-Russian Kyahta Treaty was signed and two missions were sent to Russia;when Emperor Qianlong was in reign,a fierce diplomatic confrontation with Russia occurred in terms of the"escape"of Torghut and Zungar Mongols.These practices enriched a great deal the diplomacy between China and Russia.The hundred year diplomatic practice of the Qing court to solve the Zungar issue constituted an indispensable link in the formation of the frontier of the unified Qing Dynasty.The diplomatic practices with modern characteristics(main)and the traditional Chinese thought of"Lifan Administration"(auxiliary)formed a double-track mechanism dealing with foreign affairs in the early period of the Qing Court.
作者
万雪玉
WAN Xue-yu(School of History,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830046)
出处
《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2023年第2期41-48,共8页
Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金新疆历史问题研究专项(19VXJ012)阶段性成果。
关键词
准噶尔问题
康雍乾时期
外交实践
双规机制
Zungar Issue
Emperor's Kangxi-Yongzheng-Qianlong Period
Diplomatic Practice
Dual-track Mechanism
作者简介
万雪玉(1961-),女,新疆石河子人,新疆大学教授,从事新疆、中亚史研究。
