摘要
燃气作为一种高效能源已得到迅速普及,燃气管网敷设走进千家万户,但社区燃气管道事故时有发生,给人民的生命和财产造成危害。为对社区燃气管道事故发生后应急疏散过程中存在的安全隐患进行识别,通过对社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程进行分析,提出一种基于系统理论事故模型及过程(STAMP)方法的社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程中安全隐患的识别方法,该方法按照明确社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程及影响因素、分析系统事故安全性、识别系统安全约束、确定安全控制结构、识别潜在控制缺陷和安全隐患5个步骤识别社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程中的安全隐患,并通过对北京市不同类型的社区和历史事故案例的调研,利用该方法对不同类型社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程中存在的安全隐患进行了识别。结果表明:老旧社区安全隐患主要与设施不齐全、装置老旧、居民年龄偏高有关;新型商品住宅区安全隐患主要为高层疏散困难、人口密度偏大;历史事故案例中社区燃气管道事故应急疏散过程的安全隐患主要为爆炸产生的冲击波严重、事故发生时间正值假期清晨人口密度偏大。
As an efficient energy,gas has been rapidly popularized,with gas pipe network laying into thou-sands of households,but community gas pipeline accidents also occur frequently which have caused harm to people's life and property.In order to identify the safety risks existing in the emergency evacuation of com-munity gas pipeline accidents,a systems-theoretic accident model and processes(STAMP)based method is proposed to identify the safety risks in the emergency evacuation process of community gas pipeline acci-dents through the analysis of the emergency evacuation process of community gas pipeline accidents.Ac-cording to the five steps of clarifying the emergency evacuation process and influencing factors of communi-ty gas pipeline accidents,analyzing the safety of the system accidents,identifying the safety constraints of the system,establishing the safety control structure,and identifying potential control defects and safety risks,the method identifies the safety risks.Through the investigation of different types of communities and historical cases in Bejing,the potential safety hazards in emergency evacuation of gas pipeline accidents in different types of communities are identified,The results show that the security risks in the old commu-nity are mainly related to incomplete facilities,old equipment and high age of residents.The main safety hazards of new commodity residential areas are the difficulty of high-rise evacuation and high population density.In the historical accident cases,the main safety hazard in the emergency evacuation process of the community gas pipeline accidents is the shock wave generated by the explosion,and the accident occurring in the early morning of the holiday when the population density is high.
作者
胡瑾秋
侯亦纯
董绍华
石建成
HU Jinqiu;HOU Yichun;DONG Shaohua;SHI Jiancheng(Department of Safety and Marine Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Production Safety and Emergency Technology,Ministry of Emergency Management,Beijing 102249,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期10-20,共11页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52074323)。
关键词
STAMP方法
社区燃气管道事故
应急疏散
安全隐患识别
STAMP method
community gas pipeline accident
emergency evacuation
safety hazard identification
作者简介
胡瑾秋(1983-),女,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事油气生产复杂系统安全预警技术、油气装备监测预警大数据科学与工程方面的研究。E-mail:huj q@cup.edu.cn。
